Amenable tensor categories and their realizations as AFD bimodules (Q1976332)

Let \({\mathcal C}\) be a strict and semisimple \(C^*\)-tensor category with a Frobenius duality, and \(S\) the set of equivalence classes of simple objects in \({\mathcal C}\), referred to as the spectrum of \({\mathcal C}\). A dimension function \(d\) on a fusion algebra \({\mathbb C}[S]\) is amenable if \[ d(a) = \|L_a : \ell^2(S) \rightarrow \ell^2(S) \| \] for \(a = \sum_{s \in S} a(s) s\) with non-negative integers \(a(s)\), where \(L_x\) \((x \in S)\) denotes the left multiplication operator of \(x\) in \({\mathbb C}[S]\). The \(C^*\)-tensor category \({\mathcal C}\) is amenable if the associated dimension function is amenable. The authors propose a new method to construct bimodules as well as subfactors by making use of tensor categories under the only amenability assumption. In this paper a key observation consists in the fact that the existence of a underlying ergodic probability measure \(\mu\) of infinite support on the fusion algebra \({\mathbb C}[S]\) can be reduced from the amenability (cf. Theorem 2.5, p.31) : for a measure-theoretical characterization of amenability of countable groups, see \textit{V. A. Kaimanovich} and \textit{A. M. Vershik} [Ann. Probab. 11, 457-490 (1983; Zbl 0641.60009)]. The basic idea of this paper is as follows : in order to avoid the defficiency coming from infiniteness of generators in general tensor categories, the authors directly work only on an amenable tensor category and construct a fully faithful imbedding of the tensor category into the bimodules of finite index over the AFD \(II_1\) factor \(R\) with the normalized trace \(\tau\) (cf. Proposition 3.7, p. 40, Corollary 3.13, p. 45 and Theorem 7.6, p. 66). In Section 5 an ergodic characterization theorem of amenability is proved (cf. Proposition 5.3, p. 53). This result characterizes the amenability of a dimension function \(d\) on a fusion algebra \({\mathbb C}[S]\) in terms of a generating ergodic measure \(\mu\) on the spectrum set \(S\) satisfying \(\mu (1) > 0\) under the restriction that \(d\) and \({\mathbb C}[S]\) are the ones coming from a \(C^*\)-tensor category \({\mathcal C}\). In the last section, as an application of the bimodule realization of tensor categories, the authors show the existence of minimal actions of compact quantum groups \(G\) with amenable duals on the AFD \(II_1\) factor (cf. Theorem 8.6, p. 73). This result generalizes the result for finite-dimensional Kac algebras due to \textit{T. Yamanouchi} [Int. J. Math. 4(6), 1007-1045 (1993; Zbl 0830.46050)] as well as the case of compact Lie groups. For other related works, see e.g. \textit{S. Popa} [Acta Math. 172(2), 163-255 (1994; Zbl 0853.46059)] as to classification of amenable subfactors of type II, and \textit{S. Yamagami} [Math. Ann. 305, No. 1, 1-24 (1996; Zbl 0844.46039)] as to crossed products in bimodules.