Converse theorems and the local Langlands correspondence in families (Q1989472)

This paper proves the local Langlands in families conjecture for \(\mathrm{GL}_n\) of Emerton and Helm by analyzing the structure of the integral Bernstein center. The results of this paper build on a series of earlier papers by Helm related to this conjecture. In the paper [Ann. Sci. Éc. Norm. Supér. (4) 47, No. 4, 655--722 (2014; Zbl 1321.11055)], \textit{M. Emerton} and \textit{D. Helm} conjectured a local Langlands correspondence in families (abbreviated as LLiF in this review for convenience) for \(\mathrm{GL}_n\). The present paper of Helm and Moss proves a slight restatement of the LLiF conjecture which is roughly as follows. One takes \(F\) a \(p\)-adic field and \(k\) an algebraically closed field of characteristic \(\ell\) distinct from \(p\). One then takes \(A\) to be a reduced complete Noetherian local \(W(k)\)-algebra, flat over \(W(k)\) and with residue field \(k\). Then, the LLiF conjecture attaches to a Galois representation \(\rho: \mathrm{Gal}(\overline{F}/F) \to \mathrm{GL}_n(A)\), an \(A[\mathrm{GL}_n(F)]\)-module \(\pi(\rho)\) such that at minimal primes \(\mathfrak{a}\) of \(A\), the representation \(\pi(\rho) \otimes k(\mathfrak{a})\) is related to the local Langlands image of \(\rho \otimes k(\mathfrak{a})\), where \(k(\mathfrak{a})\) is the residue field of \(\mathfrak{a}\). It is worth remarking that the precise statement of LLiF is more non-trivial than is perhaps intimated in the previous paragraph and requires the generic local Langlands correspondence of Breuil-Schneider [\textit{C. Breuil} and \textit{P. Schneider}, J. Reine Angew. Math. 610, 149--180 (2007; Zbl 1180.11036)] as well as the theory of co-Whittaker modules. The proof of LLiF is by way of a reformulation of the conjecture in terms of the \textit{integral} Bernstein center \(Z_n\) (i.e., the center of the category of smooth \(W(k)[\mathrm{GL}_n(F)]\)-modules). This category has a \textit{block} decomposition which yields a series of idempotents \(e\) of \(Z_n\). Then the reformulation is made in [\textit{D. Helm}, Duke Math. J. 165, No. 9, 1597--1628 (2016; Zbl 1343.11053)] and gives a precise description \(eZ_n\) as isomorphic to invariant elements of a certain Galois deformation ring \(R_{\nu}\) under the action of a group \(G_{\nu}\).