On the groups of c-projective transformations of complete Kähler manifolds (Q1994107)

Let $(M, J)$ be a complex manifold, and let $g$ be a Kähler metric on $(M, J)$ with Levi-Civita connection $\nabla$. A regular curve $\gamma: I \rightarrow M$ is said to be $J$-planar with respect to $\nabla$ if there exist functions $\alpha, \beta: I \rightarrow \mathbb R$ such that \[ \nabla_{\gamma'(t)} \gamma'(t) = \alpha \gamma'(t) + \beta J(\gamma'(t)) \] for all $t \in I$. A $c$-projective transformation of the Kähler manifold $(M, J, g)$ is a complex diffeomorphism of $M$ preserving $J$-planar curves. The goal of this paper is to describe the inclusions \[ \mathrm{Iso}(J, g) \subseteq \mathrm{Aff}(J, g) \subseteq \mathrm{CProj}(J, g), \] where $\mathrm{Iso}(J, g)$ is the group of complex isometries, $\mathrm{Aff}(J, g)$ the complex affine transformations and $\mathrm{CProj}(J, g)$ the $c$-projective transformations. It was shown recently [\textit{D. Calderbank} et al., ``C-projective geometry'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:1512.04516}] that for a complete Kähler manifold of complex dimension at least two, the connected components of the identity $\mathrm{Aff}_0(J, g) \subseteq \mathrm{CProj}_0(J, g)$ coincide unless $(M, J, g)$ has constant positive holomorphic sectional curvature. In this paper the authors extend the result to the whole group: let $(M, J, g)$ be a connected complete Kähler manifold of complex dimension at least two such that the holomorphic sectional curvature is not a positive constant. Then the subgroup $\mathrm{Aff}(J, g) \subseteq \mathrm{CProj}(J, g)$ has index at most two. \par As a consequence of the main theorem one also obtains the relation with the group of isometries: let $(M, J, g)$ be a connected complete Kähler manifold of complex dimension at least two such that theholomorphic sectional curvature is not a nonnegative constant. If $\mathrm{Aff}(J, g) \subsetneq \mathrm{CProj}(J, g)$, then $\mathrm{Iso}(J, g) = \mathrm{Aff}(J, g)$ and $\mathrm{Iso}(J, g) \subseteq \mathrm{CProj}(J, g)$ has index two.