Small values of Weyl sums (Q1995889)

For \(x\in(\mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z})^d\) the authors consider Weyl sums \[ S_{d}(x,N)=\sum_{i=1}^{N} e(x_{1}n+\dots+x_{d}n^{d}) \] and monomial sums \[ G_{d}(x,N)=\sum_{i=1}^{N} e(x n^{d}), \] where \(e(x)=e^{2\pi i x}\). Small Weyl sums and monomial sums are given by \[ Z_{d,W}=\{x\in(\mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z})^d~|~\liminf_{N\to \infty}|S_{d}(x,N)|=0\} \] \[ Z_{d,G}=\{x\in(\mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z})^d~|~\liminf_{N\to \infty}|G_{d}(x,N)|=0\}. \] In this paper it is proved that these sets are large in a topological sense, they contain dense \(G_{\delta}\) sets. Moreover, it is proved that the sets have positive Hausdorff dimension, \[ \dim_{H} Z_{d,W}\ge 8/5\quad\mbox{ and }\quad\dim_{H} Z_{d,W}\ge 4/(2d+1), \] and are thus not neglectable in a measure theoretic sense.\newline The paper is well written and contains a nice review of results on Weyl and monomial sums. The new results on small values of Weyl sums and monomial sums are interesting.