Critical weak-\(L^p\) differentiability of singular integrals (Q1998693)

Summary: We establish that for every function \(u \in L^1_{\mathrm{loc}}(\Omega)\) whose distributional Laplacian \(\Delta u\) is a signed Borel measure in an open set \(\Omega\) in \(\mathbb{R}^N \), the distributional gradient \(\nabla u\) is differentiable almost everywhere in \(\Omega\) with respect to the weak-\(L^{N/(N-1)}\) Marcinkiewicz norm. We show in addition that the absolutely continuous part of \(\Delta u\) with respect to the Lebesgue measure equals zero almost everywhere on the level sets \(\{u= \alpha\}\) and \(\{\nabla u=e\}\), for every \(\alpha \in \mathbb{R}\) and \(e \in \mathbb{R}^N\). Our proofs rely on an adaptation of Calderón and Zygmund's singular-integral estimates inspired by subsequent work by \textit{P. Hajłasz} [Manuscr. Math. 91, No. 1, 61--72 (1996; Zbl 0868.46024)].