Quotients of monoid extensions and their interplay with Baer sums (Q1998969)

A diagram \(N\xrightarrow{k}G\xrightarrow{e}H\) of monoids is called an \(extension\) (of \(H\) by \(N\)) when \(k\) is the kernel of \(e\) and \(e\) is the cokernel on \(k\). An extension of monoids is called a \textit{split extension} if there exists a monoid homomorphism \(s\colon H\to G \) such that \(es=1_H\). A split extenson is called \textit{weakly Schreier} when every element of \(g\in G\) can be written as \(g=k(n)\cdot se(g)\) for some \(n\in N\). An \textit{admissible equivalence relation} \(E\) on \(N\times H\) and a \textit{compatible action} \(H\times N\to N\) with respect to an admissible equivalence relation \(E\) are defined. This allows to derive a complete characterization of weakly Schreier extensions of monoids. An extension is called \(cosetal\) if whenever \(e(g) = e(g')\) there exists an \(n\in N\) such that \(g=k(n)g'\). If \(n\) is unique, then the extension is called \textit{special Schreier}. It is assumed in all that follows that the kernel \(N\) is an abelian group. To each cosetal extension an admissible equivalence relation \(E\) and a compatible class of actions \([\varphi]\), \(\varphi\colon H\times N\to N\), is associated. This allows to define the second cohomology groups \(\mathcal{H}^2(H,N, E,[\varphi])\). It is shown that the assignment of compatible pairs (\(E, [\varphi]\)) to the cohomology groups becomes a functor between the respective categories. Criteria for morphisms between cosetal extensions are also derived. For the last part, a \textit{valid action} \(\varphi\colon H\times N\to N\) is defined and an inverse monoid with (\(E, [g]\)) as its elements is constructed, where \(E\) is a certain equivalence relation compatible with \(\varphi\) and \([g]\in\mathcal{H}^2(H,N, E,[\varphi])\).