An algebraic formulation of the locality principle in renormalisation (Q1999230)

In Quantum Field Theory, it is known that the BPHZ algorithm of renormalisation preserves locality as well as Speer's analytic regularisation. In order to obtain similar results for renormalisation of conical zeta values and Euler-Maclaurin formula on lattice cones, this paper introduces an algebraic notion of locality and study its compatibility with Birkhoff's factorization in Connes and Kreimer's Hopf algebraic framework, and more generally in a coalgebraic framework introduced by Guo, Paycha and Zhang. A locality set is a set with a symmetric binary relation, which is to be understood as an independence condition. The notion of locality semigroup, monoid, vector space, algebra, coalgebra, bialgebra and Hopf algebra are also defined, as well as morphisms preserving locality. In the coalgebraic context, the compatibility of the Birkhoff factorisation of a locality map is studied, and as sufficient condition is given to obtain that its positive part is also a locality map. In the Hopf algebraic context, a sufficient condition is given to obtain that the positive part of the Birkhoff factorisation of a locality character is a locality character. This is applied to the renormalisation of the exponential generating function which sums over the lattice points in a lattice cone.