Some counterexamples for Cayley-Hamilton theorem for doubly infinite matrices (Q2006671)

The Cayley-Hamilton theorem states that every finite square matrix over a commutative ring is a zero of its characteristic polynomial. This theorem is known not to directly generalise to infinite matrices, but consideration of whether it does leads in various directions. All matrices considered here are doubly infinite complex matrices with a finite number of non-zero diagonals and where each nonzero diagonal is periodic. Such a matrix is said to be a Laurent matrix if each of its nonzero diagonals is constant. The present work gives constructions for matrices \(K\) for which there is no polynomial \(Q\) such that \(Q(K)\) is a Laurent matrix. This is motivated by a question raised in [\textit{B. Simon}, in: Functional analysis and operator theory for quantum physics. The Pavel Exner anniversary volume. Dedicated to Pavel Exner on the occasion of his 70th birthday. Zürich: European Mathematical Society (EMS). 525--529 (2017; Zbl 1376.15008)].