Hopf images in locally compact quantum groups (Q2013068)

Utilizing the theory of Baaj-Vaes subalgebras of \(L^{\infty}\left( \widehat{\mathbb{G}}\right) \), the authors introduce and study the notion of quantum subgroup generated by a quantum subset of a locally compact quantum group \(\mathbb{G}\), shedding some light on the local perspective of quantum groups. The authors show first that for any morphism \(\beta\in\mathrm{Mor}\left( C_{0}^{u}\left( \mathbb{G}\right) ,B\right) \) of C*-algebras where \(\mathbb{G}\) is a locally compact quantum group with \(B\) viewed as arising from some quantum subset \(\mathbb{X}\) of \(\mathbb{G}\), there exists the initial object, called the Hopf image of \(\beta\), in the category of objects \(\left( \mathbb{H},\tilde{\beta}\right) \) with \(\beta=\tilde{\beta}\circ \pi_{\mathbb{H}}\) factoring through \(\pi_{\mathbb{H}}\) for the canonical morphism \(\pi_{\mathbb{H}}\in\mathrm{Mor}\left( C_{0}^{u}\left( \mathbb{G}\right) ,C_{0}^{u}\left( \mathbb{H}\right) \right) \) of a closed quantum subgroup \(\mathbb{H}\) of \(\mathbb{G}\) (here a quantum subgroup is actually referring to a canonical morphism), and morphisms from \(\left( \mathbb{H},\tilde{\beta}\right) \) to \(\left( \mathbb{H}^{\prime} ,\tilde{\beta}^{\prime}\right) \) being \(\phi\in\mathrm{Mor}\left( C_{0} ^{u}\left( \mathbb{H}^{\prime}\right) ,C_{0}^{u}\left( \mathbb{H}\right) \right) \) such that \(\tilde{\beta}^{\prime}=\tilde{\beta}\circ\phi\). We can view \(\mathbb{H}_{0}\) in the Hopf image \(\left( \mathbb{H}_{0},\tilde{\beta }_{0}\right) \) of \(\beta\) as the closed quantum subgroup generated by the quantum subset \(\mathbb{X}\) of \(\mathbb{G}\), and when \(\left( \mathbb{H} _{0},\tilde{\beta}_{0}\right) =\left( \mathbb{G},\beta\right) \), we call \(\beta\) a generating morphism of \(\mathbb{G}\). It is shown that for homomorphisms \(\phi,\psi\in\mathrm{Mor}\left( C_{0}^{u}\left( \mathbb{K} \right) ,C_{0}^{u}\left( \mathbb{G}\right) \right) \) from quantum group \(\mathbb{G}\) to quantum group \(\mathbb{K}\), if \(\beta\circ\phi=\beta\circ\psi\) for some generating morphism \(\beta\) of \(\mathbb{G}\), then \(\phi=\psi\). Three equivalent conditions involving respectively the restrictions of representations of \(\mathbb{G}\) to \(\mathbb{X}\), partial action by \(\mathbb{X}\) on \(\mathbb{G}\), and a representation of the dual quantum group \(\widehat{\mathbb{G}}\) are shown to imply that \(\beta\) is generating, and are equivalent to it for certain types of \(\mathbb{G}\), e.g. compact, discrete, or of Kac type. In terms of the sets \(\mathrm{Hom}_{\mathbb{G}}\left( U,\tilde{U}\right) \) of intertwiners between representations \(U,\tilde{U}\) of \(\mathbb{G}\), it is shown that \(\mathbb{G}\) is generated by a family \(\left\{ \mathbb{H} _{i}\right\} _{i\in I}\) of closed subgroups of \(\mathbb{G}\) if and only if \(\mathrm{Hom}_{\mathbb{G}}\left( U,\tilde{U}\right) \) equals the intersection of \(\mathrm{Hom}_{\mathbb{H}_{i}}\left( U^{\mathbb{H}_{i} },\tilde{U}^{\mathbb{H}_{i}}\right) \) with \(i\in I\), for all representations \(U,\tilde{U}\) of \(\mathbb{G}\), where \(U^{\mathbb{H}_{i}}\) denotes the restriction of \(U\) from \(\mathbb{G}\) to \(\mathbb{H}_{i}\).