Extreme values of the derivative of Blaschke products and hypergeometric polynomials (Q2028055)

Let \(\mathbb D\) denote the unit disc in \(\mathbb C\) with boundary \(\mathbb T\). For a finite Blaschke product \(B\) define \[ M(B) = \sup_{|z|=1}|B^\prime(z)|\quad\text{and}\quad m(B) = \inf_{|z|=1}|B^\prime(z)|. \] Among the main results of the paper is the following theorem. Theorem 1.2. \begin{itemize} \item[(i)] For every Blaschke product of degree \(n\) the numbers \(M=M(B)\) and \(m=m(B)\) satisfy \[ \frac{n}{M-n+1} \le m \le n-1 +\frac{n}{M} \tag{1} \] and \[ 0<m\le n\le M. \tag{2} \] \item[(ii)] Conversely, for any triple \((n,m,M)\in \mathbb N\times (0,\infty)\times (0,\infty)\) that satisfies (1) and (2) there exists a Blaschke product of degree \(n\) for which \(M(B) =M\) and \(m(B) = m\). \end{itemize} In addition, the authors also study Blaschke products for which \[ m(B) = \frac{n}{M(B)-n+1} \quad \text{or}\quad m(B) = n-1 +\frac{n}{M(B)}. \] Such Blaschke products are referred to as extremal and in Theorem 1.4 they prove that extremal Blaschke products are given in terms of hypergeometric polynomials.