Obstructions to deforming curves on an Enriques-Fano 3-fold (Q2031605)

Let \(X\) be a projective scheme (over an algebraically closed field of characteristic \(0\)), and \(\mathrm{Hilb}^{sc}(X)\) the Hilbert scheme of smooth connected curves in \(X\). For \(X={\mathbb P}^3\) or \(X\) a prime Fano \(3\)-fold it is known that \(\mathrm{Hilb}^{sc}(X)\) contains a generically non-reduced irreducible component (see the Introduction of the paper under review and references therein). Moreover, in this second case, the general element in this component is contained in a smooth element of the anticanonical linear system, which is a smooth \(K3\)-surface. The paper under review deals with the case of Enriques-Fano \(3\)-folds \(X \subset {\mathbb P}^N\), that is, normal projective \(3\)-folds whose general hyperplane section is an Enriques surface, and which are not a cone. In Theorem 1.1, sufficient conditions on \(X\) are provided to get the existence of a generically non-reduced component \(W\) of \(\mathrm{Hilb}^{sc}(X)\) whose general member is contained in an Enriques surface in \(X\). To be precise, the condition is the existence of a half pencil \(E\) (\(2E\) is an elliptic pencil) of anticanonical degree \(\geq 2\) on a smooth hyperplane section \(S \subset X\) and such that \(h^1 (E,N_{E/X}(E))=0\) (\(N_{E/X}\) stands for the normal bundle of \(E\) in \(X\)). The dimension of \(W\) and the linear class of the general curve in its surface are also provided. This result is a consequence of Theorem 1.2 where, under some hypotheses (see 1.2 for details), the (un)obstructedness of curves in smooth hyperplane sections of Enriques-Fano \(3\)-folds is studied and a computation of the dimension of \(\mathrm{Hilb}^{sc}(X)\) is provided.