Combinatorial parametrised spectra (Q2035045)

This article seeks to obtain model category theoretic presentations for tangent \(\infty\)-categories. The main result is the existence of a model structure on both parametrised sequential spectra and parametrised symmetric spectra. These model structures are particularly nice in that both are left proper and combinatorial. It is also shown that parametrised symmetric spectra form a symmetric monoidal model category under the (external) fiberwise smash product. Models for tangent \(\infty\)-categories of locally presentable \(\infty\)-categories are obtained by taking a left Bousfield localization of presheaves with values in parametrised spectra. The article begins with a review of retractive spaces and the model structure on retractive spaces inherited from simplicial sets. Applying the Grothendieck construction to the pseudofunctor sending a simplicial set \(X\) to the category of retractive spaces over \(X\), denoted \(\mathrm{sSet}_{/\!/ X}\), gives rise to a fibered category \(\mathrm{sSet}_{/\!/\mathrm{sSet}}\). A model structure is established on this category, which is compatible with both the usual Kan-Quillen model structure on simplicial sets and with the model structure on retractive spaces. It is shown that this category is locally presentable and that the model structure is left proper and combinatorial. Next, the external smash product on \(\mathrm{sSet}_{/\!/\mathrm{sSet}}\) is considered. The external smash product takes as an input a pair of retractive spaces \(X\to Y \to X\) and \(X'\to Z\to X'\) and produces a retractive space over \(X\times X'\). If \(X=X'=\ast\), the external smash product appears to reproduce the usual smash product of pointed spaces. It is shown that \(\mathrm{sSet}_{/\!/\mathrm{sSet}}\) is a symmetric monoidal model category, with the external smash product as the monoidal operation. Koszul duality for retractive spaces is also discussed. After the discussion on retractive spaces, parametrised spectra are considered. The discussion begins by defining a sequential \(X\)-spectrum (with fixed base \(X\)). A sequential \(X\)-spectrum is a sequence \(\{A_n\}_{n\in \mathbb{N}}\) of retractive spaces over \(X\), together with maps \(\Sigma_{X}A_{n}\to A_{n+1}\) for each \(n\geq 0\). Sequential \(X\)-spectra form a category \(\mathrm{Sp}_X^{\mathbb{N}}\). A model structure on \(\mathrm{Sp}_{X}^{\mathbb{N}}\) is obtained in a straightforward way, by transferring the projective model structure on functors \(\mathrm{Fun}(\mathbb{N},\mathrm{sSet})\) along the free-forgetful adjunction relating such functors to algebras over a certain monad (the category of such algebras is canonically equivalent to \(\mathrm{Sp}_X^{\mathbb{N}}\)). This model structure is then left Bousfield localized to obtain the stable model structure. The fibrant objects in the localization are \(\Omega_{X}\)-spectra. The weak equivalences are stable weak equivalences. This model structure is again left proper and combinatorial. Next, symmetric \(X\)-spectra are considered. The sphere spectrum \(\mathbb{S}\) is the functor \(\Sigma \to\mathrm{sSet}_*\) sending \(n\mapsto S^n\). The category of functors \(\mathrm{Fun}(\Sigma,\mathrm{sSet}_{/\!/X})\) is symmetric monoidal via Day convolution (the target is symmetric monoidal with smash product of retractive spaces as the monoidal operation). A symmetric \(X\)-spectrum is a module over the sphere spectrum (which is parametrised over \(X\) by pulling back \(\mathbb{S}\) along the terminal map \(X\to \ast\)). The fiberwise smash product of symmetric \(X\)-spectra is defined via Day convolution. This is analogous to the definition for ordinary symmetric spectra, but using functors with values in \(\mathrm{sSet}_{/\!/X}\) instead of pointed simplicial sets. Various models of parametrised spectra are compared. The global theory of parametrised spectra is obtained via the Grothendieck construction, similar to the way retractive spaces are handled. For sequential spectra, the global category of parametrised spectra is denoted \(\mathrm{Sp}^{\mathbb{N}}_{/\!/\mathrm{sSet}}\). For symmetric spectra, the notation is \(\mathrm{Sp}^{\Sigma}_{/\!/\mathrm{sSet}}\). The model structure for both sequential and symmetric spectra is obtained in a way parallel to global retractive spaces. It is shown that the category of sequential parametrised spectra is left proper and combinatorial. Parametrised symmetric spectra are considered. This category is monoidal with respect to the external smash product. It is shown that with respect to this operation parametrised symmetric spectra form a left proper, combinatorial, symmetric monoidal model category. In the final section, tangent \(\infty\)-categories of locally presentable \(\infty\)-categories are considered. It is shown that such tangent \(\infty\)-categories can be presented as a left Bousfield localization of presheaves with values in parametrised spectra.