Tingley's problems on uniform algebras (Q2041742)

Tingley's problem asks whether a surjective isometry between the unit spheres of two Banach spaces extends to a surjective isometry between the respective underlying spaces [\textit{D. Tingley}, Geom. Dedicata 22, 371--378 (1987; Zbl 0615.51005)]. The authors outline several contributions to the Mazur-Ulam property; we recall this property from [\textit{D.-N. Tan} et al., Stud. Math. 219, No.~2, 139--153 (2013; Zbl 1296.46009)]. Definition. A Banach space $E$ is said to have the Mazur-Ulam property (briefly MUP) provided that for every Banach space $F$, every surjective isometry $T$ between the two unit spheres of $E$ and $F$ is the restriction of a linear isometry between the two spaces. In the present paper, the authors investigate this property for uniform algebras. The paper is divided into eight~sections, the first one giving an overview of Tingley's problem and a list of spaces where the aforementioned extension exists. They also provide several references and results on the MUP. The introduction ends with the observation that the main theorem in the paper is the first positive solution to the Tingley's problem for spaces of analytic functions. Section 2 contains the statement of the main result recapitulated next. Let \(X\) be a compact and Hausdorff topological space and let \(C(X)\) be the Banach algebra of all complex valued continuous functions on \(X\). A~uniform algebra is understood to be a closed subalgebra of \(C(X)\) that separates points in \(X\) and contains the constant functions. The main theorem can be formulated as follows: Theorem. Let \(A\) and \(B\) be uniform algebras on compact Hausdorff spaces \(X\) and \(Y\), respectively. Every surjective isometry between the unit spheres of \(A\) and \(B\), \(T: S(A) \rightarrow S(B)\), has a real linear extension \(\tilde{T}\) from \(A\) onto \(B\). In addition, the statement given in the main theorem also includes a description for \(\tilde{T}\). Sections 4, 5, and 6 are devoted to the proof of several lemmas to be used in the proof of the main theorem, which is given in Section~7. A~few of the results derived are: \begin{itemize} \item A description of the maximal convex subsets of the unit sphere of a uniform algebra on \(X\); \item a separation property for points in the Choquet boundary of a uniform algebra by functions in the unit sphere of the algebra, and \item a characterization of the surjective isometry \(T\) over the maximal convex subsets of the unit sphere. \end{itemize} The last section, entitled ``Remarks'', lists some directions for further investigation.