Banach manifold structure and infinite-dimensional analysis for causal fermion systems (Q2042111)

The theory of causal fermion systems is a contemporary treatment of fundamental physics. This paper develops infinite-dimensional calculus which is needed to the setting of these systems. It is introduced a class of differentiable functions on Banach spaces by taking directional derivatives just in certain directions that form the so-called expedient subspaces. It is shown that this type of calculus, expedient differential, has useful properties: appropriate product and chain rules which are required for causal fermion systems are available. Moreover, on expedient subspaces the function is Gâteaux differentiable and the differential is linear. Another significance of the paper is constructing a canonical Fréchet smooth Riemannian metric on the space of the regular space-time point operators which is proved to be a Banach manifold.