Non-formality in PIN(2)-monopole Floer homology (Q2043523)

In a sequence of papers, the author defined \(\mathrm{Pin}(2)\)-equivariant monopole Floer homology \(\mathit{HS}_{\bullet}(Y,\mathfrak{s})\), for a closed oriented \(3\)-manifold with self-conjugate \(\mathrm{spin}^c\) structure \(\mathfrak{s}\) and developed its properties. In particular, a chain complex model of \(\mathit{HS}_{\bullet}(Y,\mathfrak{s})\) is an \(A_\infty\)-module over \(\hat{C}^j_*(S^3)\), the \(\mathrm{Pin}(2)\)-Floer homology of \(S^3\), which is itself an \(A_\infty\) algebra. It is a natural question to ask the behavior of \(\mathit{HS}_{\bullet}\) under connected sum of \(\mathrm{spin}^c\)-three manifolds. It turns out that this question is much more complicated than for monopole Floer homology \(\mathit{HM}_{\bullet}\). Earlier, the author of the present paper had also shown that \(\mathit{HS}(Y_1\#Y_2)\) is an \(A_\infty\)-tensor product of the \(A_\infty\)-modules of the two components. As an \(A_\infty\)-tensor product, there is an \emph{Eilenberg-Moore} spectral sequence starting at \(\mathrm{Tor}^{H^*(BPin(2))}_{*,*}(\widehat{HS}_{\bullet}(Y_1),\widehat{\mathit{HS}}_\bullet(Y_2))\) and converging to \(\widehat{\mathit{HS}}(Y_1\#Y_2)\). The higher differentials on this spectral sequence are, in practice, very difficult to compute. The present paper shows that many calculations of \(\mathrm{Pin}(2)\)-equivariant Floer homology are possible using this spectral sequence, however, frequently also taking advantage of the Gysin sequence for monopole Floer homology. Indeed, one of the key observations of the present paper is a calculation of certain Massey products of \(\widehat{\mathit{HS}}_\bullet(Y,\mathfrak{s})\) in terms of only the Gysin sequence. The paper contains a large collection of manifolds for which calculations are completed, and also shows that certain examples, namely the `manifolds of simple type' (of which there are a great many, including many Seifert spaces and some surgeries on \(L\)-space knots), have surprisingly good behavior under connected sum.