Some results on iterative proximal convergence and Chebyshev center (Q2046606)

The notion of proximal normal structure was introduced in [\textit{A. A. Eldred} et al., Stud. Math. 171, No. 3, 283--293 (2005; Zbl 1078.47013)]. A pair of nonempty subsets \((M, N)\) of a normed linear space is a \textit{proximal pair} if, for each \((x,y)\in M\times N\), there exists \((x', y') \in M \times N\) such that \[ \|x-y'\| = \|x'-y\| = \text{dist} (M,N) \] where \(\text{dist} (M,N)\) is the distance between the sets \(M\) and \(N\). A pair \((M,N)\) of convex subsets of a Banach space has \textit{proximal normal structure} if, for each proximal pair \((M_1,N_1)\) of closed bounded convex sets with \((M_1, N_1) \subset (M,N)\) for which \(\text{dist} (M_1,N_1) = \text{dist} (M,N)\) and \(\text{diam} (M_1, N_1):= \sup\{ \|x-y\|: x\in M_1, y\in N_1\} > \text{dist}(M_1,N_1)\), there exists \((x_1,y_1)\in M_1\times N_1\) such that \[ R(x_1, N_1):= \sup\{ \|x_1 - y\| : y\in N_1\} < \text{diam} (M_1, N_1) \ \ \text{and} \ \ R(y_1, M_1) < \text{diam} (M_1, N_1)\,. \] The pair \((M, M)\) has proximal normal structure exactly when \(M\) has normal structure. In the article under review, the authors prove that every pair of closed bounded convex subsets of a Banach space satisfying Opial's condition has proximal normal structure. The authors also show that, if \((M, N)\) is a proximal pair of nonempty closed bounded convex subsets of a uniformly convex Banach space and \(T:M \cup N\to M \cup N\) satisfies \(T(M)\subset M\), \(T(N)\subset N\), and \(\|Tx-Ty\|\leq \| x-y\|\) for all \(x\in M\), \(y\in N\), then, for any \(x_0\in M\), there exist sequences in \(M\) generated by Ishikawa iterations with initial point \(x_0\) that are approximate fixed point sequences for \(T\) and if, additionally, the range of \(T\) is relatively compact, these sequences of Ishikawa iterations converge to fixed points of \(T\). Under the same hypotheses on \((M,N)\) and \(T\) in real Hilbert spaces, the authors show that some Halpern iterations converge to fixed points \(x\) of \(T\) in \(M\) for which there exist fixed points \(y\) of \(T\) in \(N\) satisfying \(\|x-y\|= \text{dist} (M,N)\).