Sharp lower bound for the first eigenvalue of the weighted \(p\)-Laplacian. I (Q2050641)

Let \((M^n,g,f)\) be a compact Bakry-Émery manifold (either without boundary or with smooth strictly convex boundary) with diameter \(D\) and \(\text{Ric}+\nabla^2 f \geq \kappa g\) for some \(\kappa \in \mathbb{R}\). The authors obtain a sharp lower bound for the first positive eigenvalue \(\lambda_{p,f}\) of the weighted \(p\)-Laplacian \(-e^f\text{div}(e^{-f} |\nabla u|^{p-2}\nabla u)\) (under the Neumann boundary conditions in the case \(\partial M \neq \emptyset\)). Namely, if \(1<p \leq 2\) or \(\kappa \leq 0\), then \(\lambda_{p,f} \geq \mu_p(\kappa, D)\), where \(\mu_p(\kappa, D)\) is the first positive Neumann eigenvalue of the one-dimensional problem \[ (p-1) |\varphi'|^{p-2} \varphi'' - \kappa t |\varphi'|^{p-2} \varphi' = -\mu |\varphi|^{p-2} \varphi, \quad t \in [-D/2,D/2]. \]