Microscopic conservation laws for the derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equation (Q2051462)

The derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equation, \(i \partial_tq + \partial^2_x q + i \partial_x (|q|^2q) = 0\), in the unkown function \(q : \mathbb R \times \mathbb R \to\mathbb C\), is locally/globally well posed in appropriate (energy) spaces, in particular when the mass (i.e. \(L^2\)-norm on \(\mathbb R\)) of the initial data is ``small''. Consider a solution \(q\) with initial data in the Sobolev space \(H^s(\mathbb R)\). If furthermore the initial data is a Schwartz function and has small ``mass'', the authors derive the following conservation law \[ \partial_t\rho+\partial_xj=0 \] involving the density, \(\rho\), and the flux, \(j\), which are assigned to \(q\) via a ``Lax operator''.