Generalization of some weighted zero-sum theorems (Q2052866)

Let \(G\) be a finite abelian group. A sequence over \(G\) is a finite unorder sequence with terms from \(G\) and repetition allowed. Let \(A\subset \mathbb Z\setminus \{0\}\). A nonempty sequence \(S=g_1\cdot\ldots\cdot g_{\ell}\) over \(G\) is said to be a \(A\)-weighted zero-sum sequence if there exists \((w_1,\ldots,w_{\ell})\in A^{\ell}\) such that \(\sum_{i=1}^{\ell}w_ig_i=0\). We define \(\mathsf D_A(G)\) to be the smallest integer \(t\) such that every sequence \(S\) over \(G\) of length \(\ge t\) has a \(A\)-weighted zero-sum subsequence and define \(\mathsf E_A(G)\) to be the smallest integer \(t\) such that every sequence \(S\) over \(G\) of length \(|S|\ge t\) has a \(A\)-weighted zero-sum subsequence of length \(|G|\). In particular, if \(A=\{1\}\), then \(\mathsf D_A(G)=\mathsf D(G)\) is the classical Davenport constant and \(\mathsf E_A(G)\) is the classical Gao constant. In this paper, the authors consider the above invariants \(\mathsf D_A(G)\) and \(\mathsf E_A(G)\) for cyclic groups \(G\) with weights \[ A=\{x\in [1, |G|-1] : \text{ there exists }y\in [1, |G-1|] \text{ such that } x\equiv y^3\pmod {|G|} \}\,, \] and obtain some upper bounds.