Maps preserving the Douglas solution of operator equations (Q2059962)

Let \(B(H)\) denote the algebra of bounded operators on a Hilbert space \(H\), and let \(\varphi:B(H)\to B(H)\) be a bijection (neither linearity, nor continuity is required). Suppose that for any \(A,B,X\in B(H)\), \(X\) is a solution of the equation \(AX=B\) iff \(Y=\varphi(X)\) is a solution of the equation \(\varphi(A)Y=\varphi(B)\). It is shown that then \(\varphi\) is implemented by a unitary or anti-unitary operator \(U\) on \(H\), i.e., \(\varphi(X)=UX U^*\).