The existence of Hall polynomials for \(x^2\)-bounded invariant subspaces of nilpotent linear operators (Q2065610)

Let \(\Lambda_{r,w}(k)=\left(\begin{array}{cc} k[x]/(x^r) & k[x]/(x^r)\\ 0 & k[x]/(x^w) \\ \end{array}\right)\) be a finite-dimensional algebra over a field \(k\). \(\Lambda_{r,w}(k)\)-modules are related to the Birkhoff problem of classification subgroups of finite abelian groups [\textit{G. Birkhoff}, Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. (2) 38, 385--401 (1934; JFM 60.0893.03)]. The authors show that the algebra \(\Lambda_{2,w}(k)\) is representation finite (i.e., there are only finitely many finite dimensional indecomposable \(\Lambda_{2,w}(k)\)-modules up to isomorphism) and classify all finite dimensional indecomposable \(\Lambda_{2,w}(k)\)-modules up to isomorphism. By using this result, in the main theorem of the paper, they prove that the algebra \(\Lambda_{2,n}(k)\) has Hall polynomials. More precisely, they show that for any finite field \(k\) and any finite dimensional \(\Lambda_{2,n}(k)\)-modules \(X, Y, Z\) there exists a polynomial \(\varphi^{Y}_{Z X} \in \mathbb{Z}[T]\) such that \(\varphi^{Y}_{Z X}(q)=F^{Y}_{Z X}\), where \(q=|k|\), \(\mathcal{F}^{Y}_{Z X}:=\{U \leq Y : Y/U \cong Z, U \cong X\}\) and \(F^{Y}_{Z X}:=|\mathcal{F}^{Y}_{Z X}|\).