Tight closure of powers of parameter ideals in hypersurface rings and their tight Hilbert polynomials (Q2065731)

Throughout \(\mathbb{F}_p\) denotes the characteristic \(p>0\) prime field. The notion of the \textit{tight Hilbert polynomial} is introduced in [Math. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 169, No. 2, 335--355 (2020; Zbl 1478.13008)] for analytically unramified local rings. In the paper under review, the authors determine the tight Hilbert polynomial of the parameter ideal \[I=(X_1,\ldots,X_d)\] in some (see below) diagonal hypersurfaces \[R:=\mathbb{F}_p[X_1,\ldots,X_{d+1}]/(X_1^r+\cdots+X_{d+1}^r).\] Such diagonal hypersurfaces contains the cases where \begin{itemize} \item[(i)] \(R\) is \(F\)-pure and \(r=d+1\). \item[(ii)] \(p\not\mid r\) and \(p>(d-1)r-d\). \item[(iii)] \(r=p+1\). \item[(iv)] \(d=3\), \(r=4\) and \(p\neq 2\). \end{itemize} for which the explicit tight Hilbert functions are computed and written in the paper. It is also proved by the authors that in all these studied hypersurfaces, the associated graded ring with respect to the filtration \(\{(I^n)^*\}_{n\in\mathbb{N}}\) is Cohen-Macaulay (the filtration is \(I\)-admissible, because of the analytically unramifiedness). The aforementioned determination of the tight Hilbert polynomial requires computing \((I^n)^*\). Some tools by which the computations are carried out, among other things, are the Huneke's strong vanishing theorem (see below), the Eagon-Northcott complex which resolves linearly \(R/I^n\) in conjunction with Theorem 2 below, and finally the containment of the relative Jacobian ideal in the test ideal. {Strong Vanishing Theorem.} (Theorem 6.4 of [\textit{C. Huneke}, Prog. Math. 166, 187--239 (1998; Zbl 0930.13005)]) Let \(K\) be a field of characteristic \(p>0\). Let \(f\in K[X_0,X_1,\ldots,X_d]\) is quasihomogeneous and \(R=K[X_0,X_1,\ldots,X_d]/(f)\). Assume that \(R\) is an isolated singularity and the partial derivatives of \(f\) with respect to \(X_i\) forms a system of parameters in \(R\) where \(1\le i\le d\). Further assume that \(p>(d-1)(\text{deg}(f))-\sum_{i=1}^d\text{deg}(X_i)\). Let \(y_1,\ldots,y_d\) be a homogeneous system of parameters of degree \(a_1,\ldots,a_d\). Set \(A:=a_1+\cdots+a_d\). Then \[(y_1,y_2,\ldots,y_d)^*=(y_1,\ldots,y_d)+R_{\ge A}.\] {Theorem 2.} (Theorem 5.11 of [\textit{C. Huneke} and \textit{K. E. Smith}, J. Reine Angew. Math. 484, 127--152 (1997; Zbl 0913.13003)]) Let \(R\) be a \(d\)-dimensional finitely generated \(\mathbb{N}_0\)-graded Cohen-Macaulay ring over a field of prime characteristic \(p>0\). Let \(\mathfrak{m}\) be its maximal homogeneous ideal and \(I\) be an \(\mathfrak{m}\)-primary ideal such that \(R/I\) has finite projective dimension. Assume that \(R\) has isolated singularity at \(\mathfrak{m}\) and that \(R\) satisfies the strong vanishing conjecture. Then \[I+R_{\ge M}\subseteq I^*\subseteq I+R_{\ge N}\] with \(N=\text{min}_i\{b_{di}\}\) and \(M=\text{max}_i\{b_{di}\}\) where the numbers \(b_{di}\) are the shifts appearing in the last non-zero graded free module of the minimal graded free resolution of \(R/I\).