The universal pre-Lie-Rinehart algebras of aromatic trees (Q2072614)

It is well-known that (colored) rooted trees can be given a pre-Lie product, making them the free objects in the category of pre-Lie algebras. Aromas are generalizations of rooted trees: they are oriented graphs such that any vertex has a unique outgoing edge. It is here shown that colored aromatic trees (mixing aromas and rooted trees) form free pre-Lie Rinehart algebras with trace. This yields the algebraic foundations of aromatic B-series. For the entire collection see [Zbl 1477.43001].