Hermitian-Yang-Mills connections on collapsing elliptically fibered \(K3\) surfaces (Q2074699)

Motivated by a conjecture of Fukaya, made in the context of mirror symmetry, the authors study sequences of Hermitian Yang-Mills connections on an \(\operatorname{SU}(n)\) bundle over an elliptically fibered K3 surface \(\pi:X\to \mathbb P^1\), corresponding to sequences of Ricci-flat metrics collapsing the fibers. They show that the restriction of such a sequence of connections to a generic fiber converges to a flat connection and give, under an additional assumption, an explicit expression for the limiting flat connection. More precisely, let \(\omega_X\), \(\omega_{\mathbb P^1}\) be Kähler forms on \(X\) and \(\mathbb P^1\), respectively, and let \(t_i\to 0\) be a sequence of positive numbers. Then the Kähler forms \(\omega_i= \pi^*\omega_{\mathbb P^1}+t_i \omega_X\) determine (by Yau's resolution of the Calabi conjecture) a sequence of Ricci-flat metrics on \(X\) which, in the limit, collapse the fibers of \(\pi:X\to \mathbb P^1\). Furthermore, let \((V,\bar\partial)\) be a fixed, holomorphic \(\mathrm{SU}(n)\)-bundle over \(X\) and equip it with a fixed Hermitian bundle metric \(H_0\). Assuming that \((V,\bar\partial)\) is stable with respect to \(\omega_i\), an important theorem of Donaldson and Uhlenbeck-Yau asserts the existence of a unique Hermitian Yang-Mills connection \(\Xi_i\) on \(V\). The main results of the authors are then the following claims about the sequence \(\{\Xi_i\}\): \begin{itemize} \item There exists a finite subset \(Z\subset \mathbb P^1\) such that, for any \(x\in \mathbb P^1\setminus Z\), the restriction of \(\Xi_i\) to \(E_x=\pi^{-1}(x)\subset X\) converges smoothly, along a subsequence and modulo gauge transformations, to a flat connection on \(E_x\). \item If \(V|_{E_x}\) (again, \(x\in \mathbb P\setminus Z\)) is isomorphic to \(\bigoplus_{j=1}^n\mathcal O_{E_x}(q_j-0)\) for \(n\) distinct points \(q_j\in E_x\), then the limiting flat connection is unique and given by \[ A_0=\frac{\pi}{\operatorname{Im}\tau}\big(\operatorname{diag}(\bar q_1,\dots,\bar q_n)dz -\operatorname{diag}(q_1,\dots,q_n)d \bar z\big) \] where \(z\) is the holomorphic coordinate on the fiber and \(\tau\) is the point in the upper half plane that determines its complex structure. Furthermore, \(\|\Xi_i|_{E_x}-A_0\|_{L^2_1(E,H_0,g_0,A_0)}\to 0\), where \(g_0\) is a flat reference metric on \(E_x\) and the flat connection \(A_0\) is used to compute derivatives. \end{itemize} The authors also give a class of examples which satisfy the assumptions of the second main result.