Lower bounds for discrete negative moments of the Riemann zeta function (Q2085766)

The discrete negative moments of the Riemann zeta function \(\zeta(s)\) are defined as \[ J_{-k}(T) = \sum_{0\leqslant \gamma \leqslant T}\frac{1}{\vert\zeta'(\rho)\vert^{2k}}. \] Theorem 1. Assume the Riemann hypothesis and that all zeros of \(\zeta(s)\) are simple. Then \[ J_{-k}(T)\gg T(\log T)^{(k-1)^2} \] for all fractional \(k\geqslant 0\). Let \(P(s)\) be defined by \[ P(s)=\sum_{n\leqslant x}\frac{\tau_{-1/b}(n)}{n^s}\psi(n), \] where \(x=T^{\theta/(a+b)}\) with \(\theta<1/2\), \(\tau_\alpha(*)\) denotes the Dirichlet series coefficients of \(\zeta(s)^\alpha\), with \(\alpha \in \mathbb{C}\) and \(\psi(*)\) is a smoothing weight \[ \psi(n) = \mathbb{I}_{n\leqslant x}\left(\frac{\log(x/n)}{\log x}\right)^B, \] with \(B\) a large positive integer. Proposition 1. Let \[ S_1:=\sum_{0\leqslant \gamma \leqslant T}P(\rho)^a P(1-\rho)^a. \] Then for fixed \(a\), \(b\in\mathbb{N}\) and some positive constant \(c(a, b)\) as \(T\to \infty\) \[ S_1\sim c(a, b)T(\log T)^{a^2/b^2+1}. \] Proposition 2. Let \[ S_2:=\sum_{0\leqslant \gamma \leqslant T}\zeta'(\rho)\zeta'(1-\rho)P(\rho)^{a+b} P(1-\rho)^{a+b}. \] Then for fixed \(a\), \(b\in\mathbb{N}\), as \(T\to \infty\) \[ S_2\ll_{a, b}T(\log T)^{a^2/b^2+3}. \] Theorem 2. Let \(\alpha\), \(\beta \ll 1/\log T\) be sufficiently small shifts. Let \(Q(s)=\sum_{n\leqslant y}a(n)n^{-s}\) with \(y=T^\theta\) and \(\theta<1/2\) and denote \(\overline Q(s) = \sum_{n\leqslant y}\overline{a(n)}n^{-s}\). Suppose that there exist some fixed positive constants \(r\) and \(C\) such that \(\vert a(mn)\vert\ll\vert a(m)a(n)\vert\) and \(\vert a(n)\vert \ll \tau_r(n)(\log n)^C\). Then for any constant \(A>0\), it holds that \[ \sum_{0\leqslant \gamma \leqslant T}\zeta(\rho + \alpha)\zeta(1-\rho+\beta)Q(\rho)\overline Q(1-\rho) =\mathcal{J}(\alpha, \beta, T) + \mathcal{L}(\alpha, \beta, T) + \overline{\mathcal{L}(\overline\beta, \overline\alpha, T)} + O(T(\log T)^{-A}). \] For the (very long) definitions of \(\mathcal{J}()\) and \(\mathcal{L}()\), check the paper itself.