Poincaré series of multiplier and test ideals (Q2104857)

Let \(A\) be a (commutative, Noetherian) ring over a field. Assume that \(A\) is local or graded. Denote by \(\mathfrak{m}\) the maximal (homogeneous) ideal. Let \(\mathfrak{a}\) be an \(\mathfrak{m}\)-primary ideal. Geometrically the space \(X:=\mathrm{Spec}(A)\) is singular, and this singularity is tested by \(\mathfrak{a}.\) One way to study the pair \((A,\mathfrak{a})\) is via the associated ideals: \begin{itemize} \item the multiplier ideals are defined via the resolution of \(X\) and the relative canonical class; \item the test ideals are defined via Frobenius isomorphisms. \end{itemize} Though these definitions are very different, the two classes of ideals share a lot in common. They both define filtrations \(A\supsetneq\mathfrak{J}_{\alpha_1}\supsetneq \mathfrak{J}_{\alpha_2}\supsetneq\cdots\), and their properties are studied via the Poincaré series of \(\mathfrak{J}\). The natural question is whether these series are rational functions. This has been known in some particular cases. The authors establish the rationality in the following cases: \begin{itemize} \item for multiplier ideals and \(X\)-normal, of any dimension. \item for test ideals in \(F\)-finite rings. \end{itemize} As an auxiliary step (important in its own) they develop the theory of Hilbert functions for filtrations indexed over \(\mathbb{R}\) (rather than over \(\mathbb{Z}\) or \(\mathbb{Q}\)).