On periodic stable Auslander-Reiten components containing Heller lattices over the symmetric Kronecker algebra (Q2104882)

Let \(\mathcal O\) be a complete discrete valuation ring with a uniformizer \(\varepsilon\), the quotient field \(\mathcal K\), and the residue field \(\kappa=\mathcal O/\varepsilon\mathcal O\). An associative \(\mathcal O\)-algebra \(A\) is an \(\mathcal O\)-order if \(A\) is free of finite rank as \(\mathcal O\)-module. Associated to \(A\) are finite dimensional associative algebras \(A\otimes_\mathcal O\mathcal K\) and \(\bar A=A\otimes_\mathcal O\kappa\) over \(\mathcal K\) and \(\kappa\), respectively. A right \(A\)-module \(M\) is a lattice if it is free of finite rank as \(\mathcal O\)-module. Denote by mod-\(A\) the category of right finitely generated \(A\)-modules and denote by latt-\(A\) the full subcategory of mod-\(A\) determined by the lattices. The author's research is guided by the question of whether it is possible to extend to lattices the theory of almost split sequences in the category of finitely generated modules over a finite dimensional algebra developed by \textit{M. Auslander} et al. [Representation theory of Artin algebras. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (1995; Zbl 0834.16001)]. As shown in [\textit{M. Auslander}, Lect. Notes Math. 1178, 194--242 (1986; Zbl 0633.13007)], almost split sequences exist in the category latt-\(A\) if and only if \(A\otimes_\mathcal O\mathcal K\) is a semisimple algebra. If the latter algebra is not semisimple, almost split sequences do not exist in the whole category latt-\(A\), but they might exist in a suitably chosen full subcategory of latt-\(A\). The author studies the case when \(A\) is a symmetric \(\mathcal O\)-order, that is when \(A\) and \(\Hom_\mathcal O(A,\mathcal O)\) are isomorphic \(A\)-bimodules. In this case almost split sequences exist in the category latt\(^{(\natural)}\)-\(A\), the latter being the full subcategory of latt-\(A\) determined by all those lattices \(M\) for which \(M\otimes_\mathcal O\mathcal K\) is a projective \(A\otimes_\mathcal O\mathcal K\)-module [\textit{M. Auslander} and \textit{I. Reiten}, Math. Ann. 277, 345--349 (1987; Zbl 0611.13009)], so one wishes to describe the components of the Auslander-Reiten quiver (AR-quiver) of latt\(^{(\natural)}\)-\(A\). From now on assume that \(A=\mathcal O[X,Y]/(X^2,Y^2)\) and the field \(\kappa\) is algebraically closed. Using the well-understood structure of the AR-quiver of \(\bar A=\kappa[X,Y]/(X^2,Y^2)\) [Auslander et al., Zbl 0834.16001], the author describes some components of the AR-quiver of latt\(^{(\natural)}\)-\(A\), which he calls the Heller components. The name derives from the notion of Heller lattice. An \(A\)-lattice \(M\) is a Heller lattice if it is a direct summand of \(\Omega(N)\) where \(N\) is an indecomposable \(\bar A\)-module, \(P\overset{\pi}\to N\) is a projective cover of \(N\) in mod-\(A\), and \(\Omega(N)=\mathrm{Ker}\pi\); if the latter holds, one says that \(M\) is a Heller lattice of \(N\). A Heller lattice always belongs to latt\(^{(\natural)}\)-\(A\). A component of the AR-quiver of latt\(^{(\natural)}\)-\(A\) is called a Heller component if it contains a Heller lattice. The author proved in [Osaka J. Math. 56, No. 3, 459--496 (2019; Zbl 1466.16015)] that the AR-quiver of latt\(^{(\natural)}\)-\(A\) has a unique nonperiodic Heller component, and the latter contains all Heller lattices of nonperiodic indecomposable \(\bar A\)-modules. In the paper under review, the author studies the Heller components containing the remaining Heller lattices, that is those of indecomposable periodic \(\bar A\)-modules. The isomorphism classes of the latter Heller lattices are parametrized by the Cartesian product of the set of positive integers and the projective line over \(\kappa\), so the author denotes by \(Z^\lambda_m\) the Heller lattice associated with \((m,\lambda)\in{\mathbb Z}_{>0}\times{\mathbb P}^1(\kappa)\). Denote by \(\tau\) the translation of the translation quiver \({\mathbb Z}A_\infty\). The following is his main result. Main theorem. Let \(\mathcal{CH}(Z^\lambda_m)\) be the stable component of the AR-quiver of latt\(^{(\natural)}\)-\(A\) containing \(Z^\lambda_m\). \begin{itemize} \item[(1)] If char\((\kappa)=2\) then \(\mathcal{CH}(Z^\lambda_m)\cong {\mathbb Z}A_\infty/\langle\tau\rangle\) for all \(\lambda\in{\mathbb P}^1(\kappa)\). \item[(2)] If char\((\kappa)\not=2\) then \(\mathcal{CH}(Z^\lambda_m)\cong\begin{cases}{\mathbb Z}A_\infty/\langle\tau\rangle\text{\ if\ }\lambda=0\text{\ or\ }\infty,\\ {\mathbb Z}A_\infty/\langle\tau^2\rangle\text{\ otherwise}.\end{cases}\) \end{itemize} Moreover, the lattice \(Z^\lambda_m\) appears on the boundary of \(\mathcal{CH}(Z^\lambda_m)\).