The Buchweitz set of a numerical semigroup (Q2105865)

Let \(A\) be a finite subset of the set \(\mathbb{Z}\) of integers. The authors study: \begin{itemize} \item[--] The function \(\beta_A\) associated to \(A\) , \(\beta_A:\mathbb{N}_+\rightarrow\mathbb{Z}\), defined for \(n\geq1\) by \[ \beta_A(n): = |nA| - (2n - 1)(|A| - 1) \] where \(nA:=A+A+\cdots+A\) (\(n\) terms). Notice that the case \(n=2\) is related to Freiman's \(3k - 3\) theorem [\textit{G. A. Freĭman}, Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved., Mat. 1959, No. 6(13), 202--213 (1959; Zbl 0096.25904)]. \item[--] The Buchweitz set [\textit{R.-O. Buchweitz}, On Zariski's criterion for equisingularity and non-smoothable monomial curves. Preprints 115s, Hannover: Universität Hannover (1980)] defined as follows: Let \(\mathcal{B}(A)\) be the positive support in \(2+\mathbb{N}\) of the function \(\beta_A\), i.e., \[ \mathcal{B}(A) := \{n \geq 2 ; {\beta_A}(n) \geq 1\}. \] The Buchweitz set of a numerical semigroup \(S\subseteq\mathbb{N}\) is defined as \(\mathrm{Buch}(S):=\mathcal{B}(\mathbb{N}\setminus S).\) \end{itemize} The authors prove that under a certain condition on the semigroup \(S\) [see below], \(\mathrm{Buch}(S)\) is always finite but unbounded. More precisely, the main results of the paper under review are the next ones. Theorem 2.3. Let \(A\) be a finite subset of \(\mathbb{N}_+\), containing \(\{1, 2\}\). Let \(f = \max A\) and \(g = |A|.\) Then \begin{itemize} \item[--] \(\lim_{n\rightarrow +\infty}\beta_A(n)=-\infty\) if \(f\leq 2g-2;\) \item[--] \(\lim_{n\rightarrow +\infty}\beta_A(n)=+\infty\) if \(f\geq 2g;\) \item[--] \(\beta_A(n)\) is constant and nonpositive for \(n\) large enough if \(f=2g-1.\) \end{itemize} Theorem 3.3. Let \(S \subseteq\mathbb{N}\) be a numerical semigroup of genus \(g \geq 2\). Then \(\mathrm{Buch}(S)\) is finite. Finally, the authors construct examples with \(|\mathrm{Buch}(S)|\) unbounded.