Stokes manifolds and cluster algebras (Q2113511)

The present paper considers the classical Stokes' phenomenon for (polynomial) ODEs and provides explicit log-canonical coordinates for the Poisson structure on the simplest class of such wild character varieties. Stokes' manifolds, also known as wild character varieties, carry a natural Poisson structure. The aim of this paper is to provide explicit log-canonical coordinates for this Poisson structure on the Stokes' manifolds of polynomial connections of rank \(2\), thus including the second Painlevé hierarchy. The authors establish the main result that can be summarized in the following theorem: the wild character variety of an \(sl_2\) polynomial connection of degree \(K\) on the Riemann sphere is a cluster manifold of type \(A_{2K}\) with one frozen variable, and the log-canonical Poisson (symplectic) structure on this cluster variety coincides with the push-forward by the monodromy map of the Lie-Poisson structure. Such construction provides the explicit linearization of the Poisson structure first discovered by \textit{H. Flaschka} and \textit{A. C. Newell} [Commun. Math. Phys. 76, 65--116 (1980; Zbl 0439.34005)] and then rediscovered and generalized by Boalch [8]. The authors show that, for a connection of degree \(K\), the Stokes' manifold is a cluster manifold of type \(A_{2K}\) with one frozen vertex. The main idea is then applied to express explicitly also the log-canonical coordinates for the Poisson bracket introduced by \textit{M. Ugaglia} [Int. Math. Res. Not. 1999, No. 9, 473--493 (1999; Zbl 0939.34073)] in the context of Frobenius manifolds and then also applied by \textit{A. I. Bondal} [Izv. Math. 68, No. 4, 659--708 (2004; Zbl 1084.58502); translation from Izv. Ross. Akad. Nauk Ser. Mat. 68, No. 4, 19--74 (2004)] in the study of the symplectic groupoid of quadratic forms. The authors conclude with a brief discussion on generalizations and connections with other problems.