Curlicues generated by circle homeomorphisms (Q2114360)

A \textit{curlicue} is a piecewise linear curve in the complex plane passing consecutively through a sequence of points \((z_n)_{n=0}^{\infty}\) of the form \[ z_n=\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}\exp(2\pi i u_k), \] where \(u_k\in\mathbb{R}\) for every \(k\). The author assumes that the sequence \((u_k)\) is the positive semi-trajectory of a point \(x_0\in\mathbb{R}\) by a lift \(\Phi:\mathbb{R}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}\) of a circle homeomorphism. Some connections between geometric properties of the curlicue and the rotation number of the circle homeomorphism are established. In particular she shows that for irrational rotation numbers the boundedness and the shape of the curlicue depend on the solution of the corresponding cohomological equation. She also estimates the growth rate and the superficiality of unbounded curlicues with irrational rotation numbers under some generic conditions.