On separability properties in direct products of semigroups (Q2117279)

This article is adjacent to the works of the authors and C. Miller on the separability properties in algebras [\textit{C. Miller} et al., J. Aust. Math. Soc. 113, No. 3, 402--430 (2022; Zbl 07620681); \textit{C. Miller}, Acta Math. Hung. 167, No. 1, 215--254 (2022; Zbl 07574605)]. The well-known algebraic notion of residual finiteness is considered as an instance of a separability condition of elements from subsets of a particular type. Let \(S\) be a semigroup and \(\mathcal C\) be a set of subsets of \(S\). \(S\) is said to satisfy the separability condition with respect to \(\mathcal C\) if for any \(X \in\mathcal C\) and any \(s \in S\setminus X\), there exist a finite semigroup \(P\) and a homomorphism \(\theta : S \to P\) such that \(\theta (s) \notin \theta (X) \). Four separability conditions are considered related to the following four cases: \(\mathcal C\) is the set of all monogenic subsemigroups, \(\mathcal C\) is the collection of all finitely generated subsemigroups, \(\mathcal C\) is the collection of all subsemigroups and \(\mathcal C\) is the collection of all subsets. The author investigate the relationship between direct products of semigroups and their factors with respect to the mentioned four separability properties. Some open problems are given.