On separability properties in direct products of semigroups

DOI10.1007/S00605-021-01570-4MaRDI QIDQ2117279zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Gerard O'Reilly, Martyn Quick, N. Ruškuc

Publication date 21 March 2022

Published in Monatshefte für Mathematik (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.10872

zbMATH Keywords

complete separabilitycongruencedirect productsfinite index congruenceresidual finitenessresidual propertiessemigroupseparabilitysubsemigroup separability

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Subalgebras, congruence relations (08A30) Residual properties and generalizations; residually finite groups (20E26) General structure theory for semigroups (20M10)

Abstract: We investigate four finiteness conditions related to residual finiteness: complete separability, strong subsemigroup separability, weak subsemigroup separability and monogenic subsemigroup separability. For each of these properties we examine under which conditions the property is preserved under direct products. We also consider if any of the properties are inherited by the factors in a direct product. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for finite semigroups to preserve the properties of strong subsemigroup separability and monogenic subsemigroup separability in a direct product.

Review text

This article is adjacent to the works of the authors and C. Miller on the separability properties in algebras [\textit{C. Miller} et al., J. Aust. Math. Soc. 113, No. 3, 402--430 (2022; Zbl 07620681); \textit{C. Miller}, Acta Math. Hung. 167, No. 1, 215--254 (2022; Zbl 07574605)]. The well-known algebraic notion of residual finiteness is considered as an instance of a separability condition of elements from subsets of a particular type. Let \(S\) be a semigroup and \(\mathcal C\) be a set of subsets of \(S\). \(S\) is said to satisfy the separability condition with respect to \(\mathcal C\) if for any \(X \in\mathcal C\) and any \(s \in S\setminus X\), there exist a finite semigroup \(P\) and a homomorphism \(\theta : S \to P\) such that \(\theta (s) \notin \theta (X) \). Four separability conditions are considered related to the following four cases: \(\mathcal C\) is the set of all monogenic subsemigroups, \(\mathcal C\) is the collection of all finitely generated subsemigroups, \(\mathcal C\) is the collection of all subsemigroups and \(\mathcal C\) is the collection of all subsets. The author investigate the relationship between direct products of semigroups and their factors with respect to the mentioned four separability properties. Some open problems are given.

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