Globalization for geometric partial comodules (Q2132453)

Let \((\mathcal{C},\otimes)\) be a (strict) monoidal category with pushouts, let \(H\) be a coalgebra in \(\mathcal{C}\), and let \(\mathsf{Com}^H\) denote the category of right \(H\)-comodules.\textit{J. Hu} and the second author of the paper under review introduced the concept of a geometric partial comodule [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 373, No. 6, 4085--4143 (2020; Zbl 1452.18020)]. Here a \textit{partial \(H\)-comodule datum} is a quadruple \((X,X\bullet H,\pi_X,\rho_X)\) such that \(X\) and \(X\bullet H\) are objects in \(\mathcal{C}\), \(\rho_X:X\to X\bullet H\) is a morphism in \(\mathcal{C}\), and \(\pi_X:X\otimes H\to X\bullet H\) is an epimorphism in \(\mathcal{C}\). Then a \textit{geometric partial \(H\)-comodule} is a partial \(H\)-comodule datum that in a certain sense is counital and coassociative. Let \(\mathsf{gPCom}^H\) denote the category of geometric partial \(H\)-comodules. Note that every \(H\)-comodule \((X,\delta_X)\) is a geometric partial \(H\)-comodule \((X,X\otimes H,\mathrm{id}_{X\otimes H},\delta_X)\). More precisely, \(\mathsf{Com}^H\) is a full subcategory of \(\mathsf{gPCom}^H\), and the corresponding embedding functor will be denoted by \(\mathcal{I}\). It has been observed in the paper mentioned earlier that one can obtain from every \(H\)-comodule \(Y\) and any epimorphism \(p:Y\to X\) in \(\mathcal{C}\) a certain geometric partial \(H\)-comodule \(X^\prime \) (called the \textit{induced partial \(H\)-comodule} from \(Y\) to \(X\)) such that \(\mathcal{I}(Y)\to X^\prime\) is a morphism of geometric partial \(H\)-comodules. It is shown by an example that the same geometric partial comodule can be induced from many different comodules. The paper under review discusses the following two natural problems: 1) to characterize when a given geometric partial \(H\)-comodule is induced from some \(H\)-comodule, and 2) how to describe the induced partial \(H\)-comodules among all geometric partial \(H\)-comodules. In order to make the induction procedure functorial, the authors introduce the notion of a \textit{cover}. The category \(\mathsf{Cov}^H\) consists of triples \((Y,X,p)\), where \(Y\) is an \(H\)-comodule, \(X\) is an object in \(\mathcal{C}\), and \(p:Y\to X\) is an epimorphism in \(\mathcal{C}\). Then an \(H\)-cover \((Y,X,p)\) is called \textit{proper} if \((p\otimes\mathrm{id}_H)\circ\delta_Y:Y\to X\otimes H\) is a monomorphism in \(\mathsf{Com}^H\), and a proper cover is called \textit{minimal} if it does not factor through another proper cover. Then induction can be described as a functor from the category \(\mathsf{Cov}^H\) of \(H\)-covers to the category \(\mathsf{gPCom}^H\) of geometric partial \(H\)-comodules. This functor is faithful when restricted to the full subcategory \(\mathsf{Cov}_{pr}^H\) of proper \(H\)-covers. A \textit{globalization} of a geometric partial \(H\)-comodule \(X\) is an \(H\)-comodule \(Y\) such that \(X\) is induced from \(Y\) and \(Y\) is universal among all \(H\)-comodules \(Z\) that admit a morphism \(\mathcal{I}(Z)\to X\) of geometric partial \(H\)-comodules. Moreover, let \(\mathsf{gPCom}_{gl}^H\) denote the full subcategory of \(\mathsf{gPCom}^H\) of all geometric partial \(H\)-comodules that admit a globalization. Now we are ready to address the two problems mentioned above. Firstly, globalizable geometric partial \(H\)-comodules are characterized by the existence of a certain equalizer \(Y_X\) in \(\mathsf{Com}^H\) and that a certain commutative diagram involving this equalizer is a pushout in \(\mathcal{C}\). As a consequence, the functor \(\mathcal{I}:\mathsf{Com}^H\to\mathsf{gPCom}^H\) corestricts to a fully faithful functor \(\mathcal{J}:\mathsf{Com}^H\to\mathsf{gPCom}_{gl}^H\) and \(X\mapsto Y_X\) induces a functor \(\mathcal{G}:\mathsf{gPCom}_{gl}^H \to\mathsf{Com}^H\) which is right adjoint to \(\mathcal{J}\). Next, it is shown (under the hypothesis that a certain equalizer exists in \(\mathsf{Com}^H\) for any geometric partial \(H\)-comodule) that every induced partial \(H\)-comodule is globalizable, i.e., the functor \(\mathsf{Cov}^H\to\mathsf{gPCom}^H\) mentioned in the second paragraph of this review corestricts to a functor \(\mathsf{Ind}:\mathsf{Cov}^H\to\mathsf{gPCom}_{gl}^H\). The latter functor has a fully faithful right adjoint functor \(\mathsf{Gl}\) induced by \(\mathcal{G}\) such that \(\mathsf{Gl}(X)\) is a minimal proper cover of \(X\). More precisely, the functors \(\mathsf{Ind}\) and \(\mathsf{Gl}\) induce an equivalence between the category \(\mathsf{Cov}_{pr,\min}^H\) of minimal proper \(H\)-covers and the category \(\mathsf{pGCom}_{gl}^H\) of globalizable geometric partial \(H\)-comodules.