A characterization of nonautonomous attractors via Stone-Čech compactification (Q2135291)

A nonautonomous dynamical system with a base set \(P\) on a metric space \(X\) with a time \(\mathbb{T}\), where \(\mathbb{T} = \mathbb{R}\) or \(\mathbb{T} = \mathbb{Z}\), consists of a dynamical system \((P, \mathbb{T}, \pi)\) on a topological space \(P\) (this system is called the base flow) and a mapping \(\varphi\colon \mathbb{T} \times P \times X \to X\), where \(\varphi(0,p,x) = x\), \(\varphi(t+s,p,x) = \varphi(t,\pi(s,p),\varphi(s,p,x))\) for all \(t,s,p,x\) and \(\varphi(\cdot, p,\cdot)\) is continuous for all \(p\). The space \(P \times X\) is called the extended phase space. The authors investigate suitable defined past attractors and repellers for nonautonomous dynamical systems with the use of the topological method of extending functions. They describe nonautonomous attractors by means of prolongational limit sets in the extended phase space. The limit sets in the Stone-Čech compactification determine the past and the future of the base flow.