Exponentiable Grothendieck categories in flat algebraic geometry (Q2136915)

Grothendieck abelian categories play the role of models of possibly noncommutative schemes [\textit{M. Artin} and \textit{J. J. Zhang}, Adv. Math. 109, No. 2, 228--287 (1994; Zbl 0833.14002); \textit{J. T. Stafford} and \textit{M. Van den Bergh}, Bull. Am. Math. Soc., New Ser. 38, No. 2, 171--216 (2001; Zbl 1042.16016; \textit{M. Kontsevich} and \textit{A. L. Rosenberg}, in: The Gelfand Mathematical Seminars, 1996--1999. Dedicated to the memory of Chih-Han Sah. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser. 85--108 (2000; Zbl 1003.14001)], which is motivated by the Gabriel-Rosenberg reconstruction theorem claiming that a quasi-separated scheme can be reconstructed, up to isomorphism of schemes, solely from the abelian category of quasi-coherent sheaves on the scheme, which is a Grothendieck category [\url{https://stacks.math.columbia.edu/}]. The theorem was initially established for noetherian schemes by \textit{P. Gabriel} [Bull. Soc. Math. Fr. 90, 323--448 (1962; Zbl 0201.35602)] and generalized to quasi-separated schemes by \textit{A. Rosenberg} [\url{https://archive.mpim-bonn.mpg.de/id/eprint/1516/}]. The Gabriel-Popescu theorem [\textit{N. Popesco} and \textit{P. Gabriel}, C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris 258, 4188--4190 (1964; Zbl 0126.03304)] allows of interpreting Grothendieck categories as a linear version of Grothendieck topoi [\textit{W. Lowen}, J. Pure Appl. Algebra 190, No. 1--3, 197--211 (2004; Zbl 1051.18007)]. Different \(2\)-categories obtain, depending on the choice of morphisms. \begin{itemize} \item[\(\mathsf{Grt}\)] the \(2\)-category of Grothendieck categories and left adjoints as morphisms \item[\(\mathsf{Grt}_{\flat}\)] the \(2\)-category of Grothendieck categories and left exact left adjoints as morphisms \end{itemize} The \(2\)-category \(\mathsf{Grt}_{\flat}\)\ is the main object of study in this paper. It is shown that \(\mathsf{Grt}_{\flat}\)\ can be endowed with a monoidal structure, where the exponentiable objects are characterized. From an algebro-geometric standpoint, this can be seen as a contribution to the understanding of exponentiable schemes or Hom-schemes when restricted to the flat case. The synopsis of the paper goes as follows. \begin{itemize} \item[\S 2] aims to \(\mathsf{Grt}_{\flat}\)\ can simulate flat algebraic geometry via a collection of examples. \item[\S 3] shows that the monoidal structure \(\boxtimes\)\ on \(\mathsf{Grt} \)\ [\textit{W. Lowen} et al., Int. Math. Res. Not. 2018, No. 21, 6698--6736 (2018; Zbl 1408.18024)] nicely restricts to \(\mathsf{Grt}_{\flat}\), which is easy on the level of objects, but a highly non-trivial task on the level of morphisms. The problem of exponentiability is introduced. It is shown that the category of linear presheaves \(\mathrm{Mod}\left( \mathfrak{a}\right) \)\ are exponentiable (Proposition 3.15). \item[\S 4] investigates the properties of the forgetful functor \[ :\mathsf{Grt}_{\flat}^{\circ}\rightarrow\mathsf{Cat}_{k} \] showing that it is representable (Prposition 4.2). \item[\S 5] introduces and investigates quasi-injective Grothendieck categories (\S 5.1), continuous linear categories (\S 5.2) and then connect the two concepts (\S 5.3). These are technical tools for the main theorem. \item[\S 6] gives the main theorem: Theorem 6.1. A Grothendieck category is exponentiable in \(\mathsf{Grt}_{\flat}\) iff it is continuous. In particular, every finitely presentable Grothendieck category is exponentiable. \item[\S 7] is a collecction of examples and instances of the main theorem. The most relevant is the following: Proposition 7.2. Let \(X\) be a quasi-compact quasi-separated scheme over \(k\), then \(\mathsf{Qcoh}\left( X\right) \)\ is exponentiable. \end{itemize}