Very well-covered graphs and local cohomology of their residue rings by the edge ideals (Q2144369)

Let \(G\) be a simple graph without isolated vertices and let \(I(G)\) denote its edge ideal. Recall that \(G\) is called very well-covered if \(I(G)\) is unmixed and the number of vertices of \(G\) is equal to \(2\operatorname{ht} I(G)\). The main result of this article is a structure theorem on very well-covered graphs, based on Cohen-Macaulay very well-covered graphs. The latter were characterized in [\textit{M. Crupi} et al., Nagoya Math. J. 201, 117--131 (2011; Zbl 1227.05218)]. In the present article, the authors show that if \(G\) is very well-covered, then there exists a very well-covered Cohen-Macaulay graph \(H\), such that \(G\) can be obtained from \(H\) by replacing the edges in a certain subset of edges of \(H\), \(\{e_1,\dots,e_{d}\}\), with complete bipartite graphs \(K_{n_1,n_1},\dots, K_{n_d,n_d}\) (Theorem 3.5). The authors then use this result to obtain formulas for the Hilbert series of the local cohomology modules of the residue ring of the edge ideal (Theorem 4.4), and also for the regularity (Theorem 5.1) and depth (Theorem 5.3) of this ring. The two last results compare to Theorem 4.12 in [\textit{M. Mahmoudi} et al., J. Pure Appl. Algebra 215, No. 10, 2473--2480 (2011; Zbl 1227.13017)] and Theorem 1.1 in [\textit{K. Kimura} et al., Nagoya Math. J. 230, 160--179 (2018; Zbl 1411.13018)], respectively.