Dualizing spheres for compact \(p\)-adic analytic groups and duality in chromatic homotopy (Q2162742)

Let \(\mathbf{K}\) be the Morava \(K\)-theory of height \(n\). In this paper, the authors study Spanier-Whitehead duality in the category of \(\mathbf{K}\)-local spectra \(\mathrm{Sp}_\mathbf{K}\), where the dual of a \(\mathbf{K}\)-local spectrum \(X\) is defined to be \(DX:=F(X, L_\mathbf{K}S^0)\). One central object in this category is the height \(n\) Morava \(E\)-theory spectrum \(\mathbf{E}\). Its zeroth homotopy group \(\mathbf{E}_0\) is the Lubin-Tate ring that classifies deformations of the height \(n\) Honda formal group law \(F_n\) over the finite field \(\mathbb{F}_{p^n}\). The Goerss-Hopkins-Miller Theorem [\textit{P. G. Goerss} and \textit{M. J. Hopkins}, Lond. Math. Soc. Lect. Note Ser. 315, 151--200 (2004; Zbl 1086.55006); \textit{C. Rezk}, Contemp. Math. 220, 313--366 (1998; Zbl 0910.55004)] states that \(\mathbf{E}\) is an \(E_\infty\)-ring spectrum with an \(E_\infty\)-action by the automorphism group \(\mathbb{G}\) of \(F_n\), called the Morava stabilizer group. Then for any spectrum \(X\), there is a \(\mathbf{K}\)-local Adams-Novikov spectral sequence based on \(\mathbf{E}\): \[ H^s_c(\mathbb{G},\mathbf{E}_tX)\Longrightarrow \pi_{t-s}L_\mathbf{K} X. \] The Morava stabilizer group \(\mathbb{G}\) is a compact \(p\)-adic analytic Lie group of dimension \(n^2\). Lazard showed that such a group is a virtual Poincaré duality group of the same cohomological dimension [\textit{M. Lazard}, Publ. Math., Inst. Hautes Étud. Sci. 26, 389--603 (1965; Zbl 0139.02302); \textit{P. Symonds} and \textit{T. Weigel}, Prog. Math. 184, 349--410 (2000; Zbl 0973.20043)]. This suggests a Spanier-Whitehead duality in \(\mathrm{Sp}_\mathbf{K}\). Indeed, Strickland showed in [\textit{N. P. Strickland}, Topology 39, No. 5, 1021--1033 (2000; Zbl 0957.55003)] that there is a \(\mathbb{G}\)-equivariant isomorphism of graded \(\mathbf{E}_*\)-modules: \[ \pi_*D\mathbf{E}=\pi_*F(\mathbf{E}, L_\mathbf{K} S^0)\cong \pi_*\left(\Sigma^{-n^2}\mathbf{E}\right). \] However, this isomorphism is \emph{not} induced by a \(\mathbb{G}\)-equivariant equivalence between the two spectra \(D\mathbf{E}\) and \(\Sigma^{-n^2}\mathbf{E}\). In the present paper, the authors refine the isomorphism above by identifying a \(p\)-complete sphere spectrum \(I_\mathbb{G}\) of dimension \(n^2\) with a \(\mathbb{G}\)-action such that there is a \(\mathbb{G}\)-equivariant equivalence of spectra: \[ D\mathbf{E}\simeq F(I_\mathbb{G},\mathbf{E}). \] For a general compact \(p\)-adic analytic Lie group \(\mathcal{G}\), its dualizing spectrum \(I_\mathcal{G}\) is constructed as a \(p\)-complete ``profinite classifying space'' of \(\mathcal{G}\) with the group acting by conjugations. There is a similar linearized \(\mathcal{G}\)-equivariant sphere spectrum \(S^\mathfrak{g}\) obtained from the adjoint representation of \(\mathcal{G}\) on its Lie algebra \(\mathfrak{g}\), which is easier for computations. The Linearization Hypothesis conjectures that there is a \(\mathcal{G}\)-equivariant equivalence \(I_\mathcal{G}\simeq S^\mathfrak{g}\). Let \(Z(\mathcal{G})\) be the center of the group \(\mathcal{G}\). In this paper, the authors prove that there is an \(H\)-equivariant equivalence \(I_\mathcal{G}\simeq S^\mathfrak{g}\) for closed subgroups \(H\subseteq \mathcal{G}\) such that the quotient \(H/H\cap Z(\mathcal{G})\) is a finite group whose Sylow \(p\)-group is an elementary abelian \(p\)-group. The proof of the full Linearization Hypothesis has been announced by \textit{D. Clausen} [in: \textit{J. Grodal} (ed.) et al., Oberwolfach Rep. 16, No. 3, 2183--2256 (2019; Zbl 1450.00013), 2202--2205]. A major input of the authors' proof is techniques from Lannes theory [\textit{J. Lannes}, Publ. Math., Inst. Hautes Étud. Sci. 75, 135--244 (1992; Zbl 0857.55011)]. For a finite elementary \(p\)-group \(F\), the authors show that \(F\)-actions on the sphere spectrum are in one-to-one correspondence with certain types of vector bundles over the classifying space \(BF\) of \(F\). Under this correspondence, homotopy orbits of the \(F\)-spheres are equivalent to Thom spaces of the vector bundles. Furthermore, two \(F\)-spheres are equivalent if and only if the cohomology groups of their homotopy orbits are isomorphic as modules over the Steenrod algebra. This reduces identifications of \(F\)-spheres to computations of characteristic classes of the corresponding vector bundles over \(BF\). As a main application of the Linearization Hypothesis, the authors determine the \(\mathbf{K}\)-local Spanier-Whitehead duals of homotopy fixed points \(\mathbf{E}^{hH}\) of \(\mathbf{E}\) for certain interesting finite subgroups \(H\) of the Morava stabilizer group \(\mathbb{G}\) listed below. These identifications also use the Tate vanishing in [\textit{J. P. C. Greenlees} and \textit{H. Sadofsky}, Math. Z. 222, No. 3, 391--405 (1996; Zbl 0849.55005)], which implies that \(\mathbf{K}\)-local Spanier-Whitehead duals commute with homotopy fixed points of finite group actions. \begin{itemize} \item When \(H\) is a finite subgroup contained in the center \(\mathbb{Z}_p^\times\) of \(\mathbb{G}\), there is an equivalence \(D(\mathbf{E}^{hH})\simeq \Sigma^{-n^2}\mathbf{E}^{hH}\). \item At height \(n=2\) and prime \(p=2\) or \(3\), let \(H\subseteq G\subseteq \mathbb{G}\), where \(G\) is a maximal finite subgroup containing the maxmal \(p\)-torsion subgroup. Then \(D(\mathbf{E}^{hH})\simeq \Sigma^{44} \mathbf{E}^{hH}\), which recovers the results of \textit{M. Behrens} [Topology 45, No. 2, 343--402 (2006; Zbl 1099.55002) and \textit{I. Bobkova} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 148, No. 12, 5421--5436 (2020; Zbl 1452.55010)]. \item At height \(n=p-1\) and prime \(p>2\), let \(H\subseteq \mathbb{G}\) be a maximal finite subgroup containing the maximal \(p\)-torsion subgroup of \(\mathbb{G}\). Then \(D(\mathbf{E}^{hH})\simeq \Sigma^{-(p-1)^2(2p+1)} \mathbf{E}^{hH}\). From this, the authors show that the exotic \(\mathbf{K}\)-local Picard groups in the sense of [\textit{M. J. Hopkins} et al., Contemp. Math. 158, 89--126 (1994; Zbl 0799.55005)] are nontrivial at those pairs of heights and primes. \end{itemize}