Equivariant sheaves for profinite groups (Q2172638)

\textit{J. P. C. Greenlees} (cf. [``Triangulated categories of rational equivariant cohomology theories'', in \textit{R.-O. Buchweitz} (ed.) et al., Oberwolfach Rep. 3, No. 1, 461--509 (2006; Zbl 1109.18301)]) conjectured that for every compact Lie group \(G\) there exists an algebraic model for rational \(G\)-spectra built in terms of sheaves over \(\mathcal{S}G\), the space of subgroups of \(G\). As observed by \textit{L. G. Lewis jun.} et al. [Equivariant stable homotopy theory. With contributions by J. E. McClure. Berlin etc.: Springer-Verlag (1986; Zbl 0611.55001)], the space of orbits, \(\mathcal{S}G/G\), is a profinite space, i.e., a compact Hausdorff totally disconnected topological space. Therefore a good theory of sheaves over \(\mathcal{S}G\) and \(\mathcal{S}G/G\) would provide a better insight into Greenlees's conjecture. Coming from this motivation, the authors develop a theory of \(G\)-equivariant sheaves over profinite spaces for profinite groups \(G\). Let \(G\) be a profinite group and \(X\) be a profinite space. In particular, \(X\) has a basis \(\mathcal{B}\) consisting of open-closed sets. The category \(\mathcal{O}_G(\mathcal{B})\) is defined by having members of \(\mathcal{B}\) as objects and twisted inclusions \(g:U\subset V\) as maps. Then a \emph{\(G\)-presheaf of sets on \(X\)} is defined as a functor \[ \mathcal{O}_G(\mathcal{B})^{op}\to Set. \] Using this notion of a \(G\)-presheaf, the authors further construct the sheafification functor into the category of \(G\)-sheaves on \(X\) and show that it is idempotent and left adjoint to the forgetful functor. These results are extended to \(G\)-presheaves of modules. In this setting, the authors show that the category of \(G\)-equivariant sheaves of modules is an abelian category with all small limits and colimits. They also prove that pullback and pushout functors from classical sheaf theory pass to categories of equivariant sheaves of sets/modules and that these functors form an adjoint pair. Further on, they define \textit{equivariant skyscraper sheaves}, which are sheaves with a non-zero stalk over only one orbit and show that forming an equivariant skyscraper sheaf has a left adjoint. The equivariant skyscraper sheaves are used to prove that the category of equivariant sheaves over a profinite space has enough injectives and that they provide a canonical injective resolution, known as the \textit{Godement resolution}. In [\textit{D. Barnes} and \textit{D. Sugrue}, Math. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 174, No. 2, 345--368 (2023; Zbl 07653000)], the present authors used the theory of equivariant sheaves to construct an equivalence between the category of rational \(G\)-Mackey functors (for profinite \(G\)) and the full subcategory of the category of \(G\)-sheaves of \(\mathbb{Q}\)-modules over the space \(\mathcal{S}G\), called \textit{Weyl-\(G\)-sheaves}. In the current paper, the authors show that the category of Weyl-\(G\)-sheaves is abelian with all small limits and colimits and has enough injectives. Given that a profinite space is an inverse limit of finite discrete spaces, there arises a natural question on the relation between \(G\)-sheaves over profinite spaces and diagrams of sheaves over spaces defining \(X\). The authors address this question in the final section, providing an equivalence between classes of diagrams of equivariant sheaves and \(G\)-sheaves over profinite spaces. The work is supported with two Appendices, containing an overview of profinite groups, profinite spaces and discrete modules (App. A) and sheaves and presheaves (App. B).