The structures and decompositions of symmetries involving idempotents (Q2175550)

Suppose that \(H\) is a separable Hilbert space and \(P\in B(H)\) is an idempotent. Then \(\Gamma_p\) and \(\Delta_p\) are defined by \[\Gamma_p:=\{J:J=J^*=J^{-1}\, \&\, JPJ=I-p\}\] and \[\Delta_p:=\{J:J=J^*=J^{-1}\, \&\, JPJ=I-p^*\}.\] In this paper, the authors show that \((2P-I )|2P -I |^{-1}= (P + P^*- I )|P +P^* - I |^{-1}\). They also prove that \(\Gamma_p\neq \varnothing\) if and only if \(\dim N(P+P^*)=\dim N(2I-P-P^*)\) if and only if there exits a unitary operator \(U\) such that \(UPU^* = I- P\) if and only if \(\Delta_p\neq \varnothing\). If \(J\) is symmetry (i.e., a self-adjoint unitary operator), then they show that \(J\in \Delta_P\) if and only if \(iJ(2P-I)|2P-I|^{-1}\in \Gamma_p\).