Persistence and spreading speeds of parabolic-elliptic Keller-Segel models in shifting environments (Q2187191)

In this paper, the authors consider the following parabolic-elliptic Keller-Segel system with sign changing birth rate \(r\): \[ \begin{cases} u_t=u_{xx}-\chi (uv_x)_x+u(r(x-ct)-bu), \\ 0=v_{xx}-vu+\mu u. \end{cases} \] The authors study the persistence, extinction and spreading speeds of species for two cases \begin{itemize} \item[(i)] \(r(-\infty)<0<r(+\infty)\), \(r(-\infty)\le r(x) \leq r(+\infty)\) for \(\forall x\); \item[(ii)] \(r(\pm\infty)<0\), \(\min\{r(+\infty), r(-\infty)\}\le r(x)\) for \(\forall x\). \end{itemize} In Case i), it is shown that the persistence and spreading dynamics depend on the speed \(c\) and spreading speed \(c^*\). More precisely, if \(c>c^*\), the species becomes extinct; if \(-c^*\le c<c^*\) then the species will persist and spread along the shifting habitat at the asymptotic spreading speed \(c^*\); if \(c<-c^*\) then the species will spread in the two directions at the asymptotic spreading speed \(c^*\). In Case ii), the persistence and spreading dynamics will be affected not only by the spreading speed \(c^*\), but also by the degradation rate of the chemo-attractant and eigenvalues of the operator \(u \to u_{xx}+cu_{x}+r(x)u\).