Algebrable sets of hypercyclic vectors for convolution operators (Q2200032)

In this paper the authors answer in the affirmative a question posed by R. M. Aron (whether there is a hypercyclic algebra for the complex derivation operator \(D:H(\mathbb C)\to H(\mathbb C)\) that is not finitely generated) by using a slightly different version of a result by the authors themselves (with J. A. Conejero). Under the additional requirement that \(\Phi(0)\) belongs to the open unit disc, they show that not only \(\Phi(D)\) admits a hypercyclic algebra but that \(HC(\mathbb C)\cup\{0\}\) is densely strongly-algebrable and that, for each \(N\in\mathbb N\), the set of \(f\in H(\mathbb C)^N\) that freely generates a hypercyclic algebra for \(\Phi(D)\) is residual in \(H(\mathbb C)^N\). A corollary establishing a criterion for a family of convolution operators to admit a densely strongly-algebrable set of hypercyclic vectors is also given. The authors also obtain a criterion which puts in relation multiplicative weakly mixing operators with those who have densely strongly-algebrable sets of hypercyclic vectors. The result holds on any separable, commutative \(F\)-algebra \(X\), over \(\mathbb K=\mathbb C\) or \(\mathbb R\), admitting a dense freely generated subalgebra. The authors show that, for a multiplicative weakly mixing operator \(T\) on \(X\), having a hypercyclic algebra is equivalent to having a densely strongly-algebrable set of hypercyclic vectors, and this can be decided by verifying the density of the range of all maps \(\hat{P}:X\to X, f\mapsto P(f)\), where \(P\) is a non zero polynomial in \(\mathbb K[x]\) satisfying \(P(0)=0\). In particular, as such a polynomial property does not depend on the operators, it turns out that either all multiplicative weakly mixing operators on \(X\) have densely strongly-algebrable sets of hypercyclic vectors, or no one has even one hypercyclic algebra. Since the \(F\)-algebra \(C^\infty(\mathbb R,\mathbb C)\) has this property and admits a multiplicative operator having a hypercyclic algebra, it follows that all multiplicative operators that are weakly mixing support a dense, non-finitely generated algebra of hypercyclic vectors. This includes all translation operators \(T_a\) (\(a\neq 0\)) on \(C^\infty(\mathbb R,\mathbb C)\). Some examples of \(F\)-algebras with no multiplicative operator having a hypercyclic algebra are also given, such as \(H_{\mathbb R}(\mathbb C)=\{f\in H(\mathbb C) : f(\mathbb R)\subset \mathbb R\}\) over \(\mathbb K=\mathbb R\).