\(E\)-approximation properties (Q2204989)

A Banach space \(X\) has the approximation property (AP) if the identity map of \(X\) can be approximated by finite rank operators over compact sets [\textit{A.~Grothendieck}, Produits tensoriels topologiques et espaces nucléaires. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society (AMS) (1955; Zbl 0064.35501)]. Grothendieck also gave a criterion of compactness as follows. A subset \(K\) of a Banach space \(X\) is relatively compact if and only if there exists a null sequence \((x_n)\in c_0(X)\) such that \[ K\subset \Bigg\{\sum_{n=1}^\infty \alpha_n x_n\colon (\alpha_n)\in B_{\ell_1}\Bigg\}, \] where \(B_{\ell_1}\) denotes the unit ball of the sequence space \(\ell_1\). Motivated by Grothendieck's compactess criterion, Sinha and Karn defined in 2002 the notion of a \(p\)-compact set [\textit{D. P. Sinha} and \textit{A. K. Karn}, Stud. Math. 150, No. 1, 17--33 (2002; Zbl 1008.46008)]. Let \(1\leq p<\infty\). A subset \(K\) of a Banach space \(X\) is \(p\)-compact if there exists a sequence \((x_n)\in \ell_p(X)\) such that \[ K\subset \Bigg\{\sum_{n=1}^\infty \alpha_n x_n\colon (\alpha_n)\in B_{\ell_{p^*}}\Bigg\}, \] where \(1/p+1/p^*=1\). A Banach space is said to have the \(p\)-AP when the compact set in the definition of AP is replaced by a \(p\)-compact set. The objective of the paper under review is to introduce and study a more general type of approximation property called the \(E\)-approximation property, where \(E\) stands for a Banach space with a normalized Schauder basis. In particular, if \(E=\ell_p\), then one recovers the \(p\)-AP and if \(E=c_0\), then one gets the classical AP. The authors also introduce the \(E^u\)-approximation property, where in addition it is required that \(E\) has a 1-unconditional basis. The main results of the paper give several characterizations for \(E\)- and \(E^u\)-approximation properties. Moreover, the authors are able to generalize one of the main results of [\textit{Y. S. Choi} and \textit{J. M. Kim}, J. Funct. Anal. 259, No. 9, 2437--2454 (2010; Zbl 1211.46014)].