Riesz basisness of root functions of a Sturm-Liouville operator with conjugate conditions (Q2206994)

In this paper, the authors deal with a discontinuous Sturm-Liouville operator \[ l(y) = \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}c} {l_1 \left( {y_1 } \right),\,\,x \in \left( { - 1,0} \right)} \\ {l_2 \left( {y_2 } \right),\,\,x \in \left( {0,1} \right)} \\ \end{array}} \right. \] where \( {l_1}({y_1}{\mathrm{) = }}y_1^{''} + {q_1}(x){y_1}, \) \({l_2}({y_2}{\mathrm{) = }}y_2^{''} + {q_2}(x){y_2}, \) \(q_{1}(x) \in C^{1}[-1,0) \) and \(q_{1}(x) \in C^{1}(0,1] \) are complex-valued functions and have finite limits \(\lim_{x \to \mp0}q_{k}(x)\) for \(k=1, 2\). Consider the problem of the operator \(l(y)\) with periodic boundary conditions and with conjugate conditions. One of conjugate conditions has different finite one-sided limits at the point zero. By using the fundamental solution of problem, asymptotic expressions for the eigenvalues are obtained by \[ {\lambda _{k,1}} = - {(k\pi)^2}\bigg(1+\frac{\sqrt{(1-\alpha)(D_0-D_1)}}{\sqrt{2({1+\alpha})}(k\pi)^2}+O(k^{-3})\bigg), \] \[ {\lambda _{k,1}} = - {(k\pi)^2}\bigg(1-\frac{\sqrt{(1-\alpha)(D_0-D_1)}}{\sqrt{2({1+\alpha})}(k\pi)^2}+O(k^{-3})\bigg), \] \({D_0} = {q_2}( + 0) - {q_1}(- 0),\) \({D_1} = {q_1}( - 1)-{q_2}(+1)\) and the corresponding eigenfunctions are of the form \[ {y_{k,1}}(x) = \sin ({k\pi}x)+ O(k^{-2}),\quad x\in (- 1,0)\cup (0,1), \] \[ {y_{k,2}}(x) =\cos ({k\pi}x) + O(k^{-2}),\quad x\in ( - 1,0)\cup (0,1). \] By means of asymptotic formulas of the eigenfunctions and Bessel properties of the eigenfunctions the Riesz basisness of the root functions of the boundary value problem under the condition \(D_0-D_1 \neq 0\) is proved. Also the asymptotic expression of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the same operator with antiperiodic boundary conditions and with the same conjugate conditions the Riesz basisness of root functions with antiperiodic boundary conditions are proved.