Topological Loewner theory on Riemann surfaces (Q2208286)

The authors establish a connection between topological evolution families \((\varphi_{s,t})_{0\leq s\leq t}\) and topological Loewner chains \((f_t)_{t\geq0}\) on Riemann surfaces. A family \((\varphi_{s,t})_{0\leq s\leq t}\) of holomorphic self-maps on a Riemann surface \(S\) is a topological evolution family on \(S\) if \(\varphi_{s,s}=\text{id}_S\), \(\varphi_{s,t}=\varphi_{u,t}\circ\varphi_{s,u}\) for all \(0\leq s\leq u\leq t\), and for all \(0\leq s_0\leq t_0\), the functions \(\varphi_{s,t}\) converge to \(\varphi_{s_0,t_0}\) uniformly on compact subsets of \(S\) as \((s,t)\) goes to \((s_0,t_0)\). A family \((f_t)_{t\geq0}\) of univalent meromorphic functions on a Riemann surface \(S\) is a topological Loewner chain on \(S\) if \(f_s(S)\subset f_t(S)\) for all \(0\leq s<t\), and for any \(t_0\geq0\), the functions \(f_t\) converge to \(f_{t_0}\) as \(t\) goes to \(t_0\) uniformly on compacta. The following statements are proved among others. Proposition 3.1. Let \((f_t)\) be a topological Loewner chain on \(\mathbb C\). Then there exist a linear fractional map \(T\) and two continuous functions \(a:[0,\infty)\to\mathbb C^*=\mathbb C\setminus\{0\}\) and \(b:[0,\infty)\to\mathbb C\) such that \((T\circ f_t)(z)=a(t)z+b(t)\), \(z\in\mathbb C\), \(t\geq0\). Moreover, if \(\varphi_{s,t}(z):=f_t^{-1}(f_s(z))\), \(z\in\mathbb C\), \(0\leq s\leq t\), then \((\varphi_{s,t})\) is a well-defined topological evolution family on \(\mathbb C\). Conversely, any topological evolution family \((\varphi_{s,t})\) on \(\mathbb C\) can be represented by a topological Loewner chain on \(\mathbb C\). Proposition 4.1. Let \((f_t)\) be a topological Loewner chain on the Riemann sphere \(\mathbb C_{\infty}\). Then every \(f_t\) is a linear fractional map and for any \(t_0\geq0\), the functions \(f_t\) converge to \(f_{t_0}\) as \(t\) goes to \(t_0\) uniformly on the Riemann sphere. Moreover, if \(\varphi_{s,t}(z):=f_t^{-1}(f_s(z))\), \(z\in\mathbb C\), \(0\leq s\leq t\), then \((\varphi_{s,t})\) is a well-defined topological evolution family on \(\mathbb C\). Conversely, any topological evolution family \((\varphi_{s,t})\) on \(\mathbb C_{\infty}\) can be represented by a topological Loewner chain on \(\mathbb C_{\infty}\). Proposition 5.3. Let \(\Omega\) be a bounded hyperbolic domain of \(\mathbb C\) and let \((f_t)\) be a topological Loewner chain on \(\Omega\). If \(\varphi_{s,t}(z):=f_t^{-1}(f_s(z))\), \(0\leq s\leq t\), then \((\varphi_{s,t})\) is a well-defined topological evolution family on \(\Omega\). Theorem 5.6. Any topological evolution family \((\varphi_{s,t})\) on the unit disk \(\mathbb D=\{z\in\mathbb C:|z|<1\}\) can be represented by a topological Loewner chain on \(\mathbb D\).