Immaculate line bundles on toric varieties (Q2214908)

For an algebraic variety \(X\) over an algebraically closed field \({\mathbb K}\) of arbitrary characteristic, a sheaf \({\mathcal F}\) on \(X\) is called \textit{immaculate} if all cohomology groups \(H^p(X,{\mathcal F})=0\) for all \(p\in{\mathbb Z}\). The main focus of the paper under review is the structure of the family of all immaculate line bundles on \(X\) as a subset of the group \(\text{Pic}(X)\). Classically, the cohomology of a Weil divisor on a toric variety is calculated using polyhedra complexes contained in \(N_{\mathbb R}\), where \(N\) is the lattice of \(1\)-parameter subgroups of the torus acting on \(X\). The first contribution of the paper under review is a shift of the classical approach, viewing now the cohomology of a toric \({\mathbb Q}\)-Cartier Weil divisor using polytopes in the space \(M_{\mathbb R}\), where \(M\) is the dual lattice of \(N\). For projective toric varieties, Theorem 3.6 describes the \(M\)-graded cohomology groups \(H^i(X,{\mathcal O}(D))\) in terms of the polyhedra associated to a decomposition of the divisor \(D\) as the difference \(D^+-D^-\) of two nef divisors. For the main objective, a description of the locus of all immaculate line bundles in the class group \(\text{Pic}(X)\) of a toric variety \(X\), the first results establish some general invariance properties of immaculacy (or a relative version of it) of locally free sheaves under various types of morphisms between toric varieties. Next, to describe the immaculate locus the authors use the map \(\pi:{\mathbb Z}^{\Sigma(1)}\to \text{Pic}(X)\) that assigns to a \(T\)-invariant divisor its class. Using this map, the first task is to identify the \(T\)-invariant divisors whose images carry some cohomology by using an approach similar to the one used for acyclic line bundles as in [\textit{L. Borisov} and \textit{Z. Hua}, Adv. Math. 221, No. 1, 277--301 (2009; Zbl 1210.14006)] and [\textit{A. I. Efimov}, J. Lond. Math. Soc., II. Ser. 90, No. 2, 350--372 (2014; Zbl 1318.14047)]. In Section 5 of the paper under review the authors identify some subsets of \(\Sigma(1)\) whose images under \(\pi\) either carry some cohomology or not. One of the main results, Theorem 5.24, essentially describes the locus of immaculate line bundles for a complete simplicial toric variety. Moreover, in some concrete instances the conditions on the subsets of \(\Sigma(1)\) can be used to describe the locus of immaculate bundles, for example for smooth projective toric varieties of Picard rank \(2\) in Theorem 6.2 . Using the classification of smooth projective toric varieties of Picard rank \(3\) of \textit{V. L. Batyrev} [Tôhoku Math. J., II. Ser. 43, No. 4, 569--585 (1991; Zbl 0792.14026)] in Section 8 the authors consider this situation in two cases, depending on the splitting of the fan of the toric variety.