On the multiplicity one conjecture in min-max theory (Q2215804)

The goal of the article is to show that in a closed manifold of dimension between 3 and 7 with a bumpy metric, the min-max minimal hypersurfaces associated with the volume spectrum introduced by \textit{M. Gromov} [Lect. Notes Math. 1317, 132--184 (1988; Zbl 0664.41019); Geom. Funct. Anal. 13, No. 1, 178--215 (2003; Zbl 1044.46057)], \textit{L. Guth} [Geom. Funct. Anal. 18, No. 6, 1917--1987 (2009; Zbl 1190.53038)], \textit{F. C. Marques} and \textit{A. Neves} [Invent. Math. 209, No. 2, 577--616 (2017; Zbl 1390.53064)], are two-sided and have multiplicity one. In Section 1, the multi-parameter version of min-max theory [\textit{X. Zhou} and \textit{J. Zhu}, Camb. J. Math. 8, No. 2, 311--362 (2020; Zbl 1446.35272)] for prescribing mean curvature hypersurfaces is established using continuous sweepouts. In Section 2, several compactness results for prescribing mean curvature hypersurfaces with uniform area and Morse index upper bounds are proved. In Section 3, the Morse index upper bound for prescribing mean curvature hypersurfaces produced by our min-max theory is proved. In Section 4, the author proves that min-max minimal hypersurfaces associated with families of boundaries have multiplicity one in a bumpy metric. It is proved that in a bumpy metric each volume spectrum is realized by the min-max value of certain relative homotopy class of sweepouts of boundaries of Caccioppoli sets. In Section 5, the Multiplicity One Conjecture by \textit{F. C. Marques} and \textit{A. Neves} [``Morse index of multiplicity one min-max minimal hypersurfaces'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:1803.04273}] for the volume spectrum is proved. The main result follows by approximating such min-max value using the min-max theory for hypersurfaces with prescribed mean curvature [Zhou and Zhu, loc. cit.].