A classical family of elliptic curves having rank one and the \(2\)-primary part of their Tate-Shafarevich group non-trivial (Q2216641)

The authors prove the \(3\)-part of the Birch-Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture for the elliptic curves \(C_n: x^3+y^3=n\), where \(n=2p,4p,2p^2,4p^2\) with a prime number \(p\) congruent to \(2\) or \(5\) mod \(9\). The algebraic part \(L^*(n)\) of the value at \(s=1\) of the \(L\)-series over \(\mathbb Q\) of \(C_n\) is a rational integer. The main results are the following. Let \(n=2p, 4p^2\) (resp.\(4p, 2p^2\)) if \(p\equiv 5\) (resp. \(2\)) \(\bmod 9\). Then \(L^*(n)\) is not zero and the order \(T_n\) of Tate-Shafarevich group is finite and is square prime to \(3\). The authors show that \(L^*(n)/3\equiv 1 \equiv T_n \bmod 3\). Let \(m=2p\) (resp. \(2p^2\)) if \(p\equiv 2\) (resp. \(5\)) \(\bmod 9\). Then they prove that the curve \(C_m \) has rank \(1\), its \(L\)-series has a simple root at \(s=1\), its Tate-Shafarevich group is finite and the \(3\)-part of Birch-Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture holds for \(C_m\). Further, let \(L_p=\mathbb Q(\sqrt[3] p)\) and \(r_p\) be the \(2\)-rank \(r_p\) of ideal group of \(L_p\). For these curves \(C_m\), they show that \(r_p\ge 2\) if and only if the group of \(2\)-torsion of the Tate-Shafarevich group of \(C_m\) is non-trivial. By searching prime numbers \(p\) such that \(r_p\ge 2\), they obtain many examples of elliptic curves of rank \(1\) with non-trivial \(2\)-part of the Tate-Shafarevich group.