D-ultrafilters and their monads (Q2217539)

It is well-known that a codensity monad on the category of sets of the full embedding of finite sets is the ultrafilter monad. The paper generalizes this to a number of locally finitely presentable categories \(\mathcal K\) by introducing a concept of \(D\)-ultrafilter on an object \(K\) where \(D\) is a suitable cogenerator of of \(\mathcal K\) (in sets, this cogenerator is \(2\)). It applies to categories of vector spaces, posets, or semilattices.