Nonlinear diffusion in the Keller-Segel model of parabolic-parabolic type (Q2219045)

This paper considers the so-called Keller-Segel model with nonlinear diffusion: \[ \begin{cases} u_t= \Delta u^{m}-\operatorname{div} (u^q \nabla v), & \text{in} \quad \Omega_T \equiv \Omega \times (0,T],\\ v_t= \Delta v -v +u, & \text{in} \quad \Omega_T, \\ \frac{\partial u^m}{\partial \mathbf{n}}=\frac{\partial v}{\partial \mathbf{n}}=0, & \text{on} \quad \Sigma_T= \partial \Omega \times (0, T],\\ (u,v)|_{t=0}= (u_0(x), v_0(x)), & \text{on} \quad \Omega, \end{cases} \] where \(\Omega\) is a bounded domain in \(\mathbb{R}^{N}\), \(N\geq3\), with \(C^{1,1}\) boundary \(\partial \Omega\), and \(u_0 \in L^{\infty}(\Omega), v_0\in W^{1, \infty}(\Omega)\) with \(u_0\geq0, v_0\geq0\). The main contribution of this paper is to investigate the boundedness and blow-up of solutions to the Keller-Segel model with nonliear diffusion. The author proves the existence of the weak solution provided that one of the following conditions is satisfied: \[ \begin{split} &(H1)\quad m>0, \, q>0, \quad \text{and}\quad m>q;\\ &(H2)\quad m>0, \, 1\geq q>0,\quad \text{and} \quad q+\frac{q-1}{N+1}\leq m \leq q. \end{split} \] These results imply that solutions blow up as \(m\rightarrow q^{+}\), while solutions remain bounded as \(m\rightarrow q^{-}\) with \(q<1\). It shows that the Keller-Segel Model can have bounded solutions and blow-up ones simultaneously.