Blow-up analysis and spatial asymptotic profiles of solutions to a modified two-component hyperelastic rod system (Q2220138)

The authors consider the two-component hyperelastic rod problem \( u_{t}-u_{xxt}+3uu_{x}-\gamma (2u_{x}u_{xx}+uu_{xxx})+\rho \overline{\rho } _{x}=0\), \(\rho _{t}+(\rho u)_{x}=0\), posed in \((0,\infty )\times \mathbb{R}\). Here \(\gamma \) is a constant, \(u\) is the displacement, \(\rho =(1-\partial _{x}^{2})(\overline{\rho }-\overline{\rho }_{0})\) is the pointwise density, \(\overline{\rho }\) the averaged density, and \(\overline{ \rho }_{0}\) a constant. Introducing \(G(x)=\frac{1}{2}e^{-\left\vert x\right\vert }\), \(\rho =v-v_{xx}\), and \(v=\overline{\rho }-\overline{\rho } _{0}\), the authors rewrite the previous problem as: \(u_{t}+\gamma uu_{x}=-\partial _{x}G\ast (\frac{3-\gamma }{2}u^{2}+\frac{\gamma }{2} u_{x}^{2}+\frac{1}{2}v^{2}-\frac{1}{2}v_{x}^{2})\), \(v_{t}+uv_{x}=-G\ast ((u_{x}v_{x})_{x}+u_{x}v)\), posed in \((0,\infty )\times \mathbb{R}\). Initial conditions \(z_{0}=(u_{0},v_{0})\in H^{s}(\mathbb{R})\times H^{s}( \mathbb{R})\), \(s>\frac{3}{2}\), are added. The first main result of the paper proves a blow-up behavior in finite time of the solution \(z=(u,v)\in C([0,T);H^{s}\times H^{s})\cap C^{1}([0,T);H^{s-1}\times H^{s-1})\) to the last problem. Assuming \(\gamma \in (0,4]\) and the existence of \(x_{0}\in \mathbb{R}\) such that \(u_{0,x}(x_{0})<-\frac{C_{1}}{\sqrt{\gamma }}\), the solution \(z=(u,v)\) blows up in finite time with an estimate of the blow-up time \(T\) as \(0<T\leq \frac{1}{\sqrt{\gamma }C_{1}}\log (\frac{u_{0,x}(x_{0})- \frac{C_{1}}{\sqrt{\gamma }}}{u_{0,x}(x_{0})+\frac{C_{1}}{\sqrt{\gamma }}})\) . Here \(C_{1}\) is explicitly given in terms of \(E(0)=\int_{\mathbb{R} }(u^{2}+u_{x}^{2}+v^{2}+v_{x}^{2})dx\). In the case where \(\gamma =1\), and assuming that \(\rho _{0}\) does not change sign on \(\mathbb{R}\), and the existence of a point \(x_{0}\in \mathbb{R}\) such that \(u_{0,x}(x_{0})<-\sqrt{ \frac{E(0)}{2}}\), the authors prove a blow-up behavior in finite time \(T\) of the solution to the last problem. The blow-up rate of the solution is here proved equal to \(u_{x}(t,x(t))\thicksim -\frac{2}{T-t}\), as \(t\rightarrow T\) , for some \(x(t)\in \mathbb{R}\). In their last main result, the authors describe the asymptotic profiles of the solutions to this last problem, assuming some boundedness property of the term \(u_{0}+u_{0,x}+v_{0}+v_{0,x}\) involving the initial conditions. The authors first prove the existence of a solution in the above-indicated spaces and which depends continuously on the initial data \(z_{0}\), using Kato's semigroup theory. The maximal time of existence \(T>0\) of this solution is independent of the parameter \(s\). The blow-up analysis is performed mainly using classical results concerning ordinary differential equations.